ci: try to fix toctou on release creation

Signed-off-by: Mary Guillemard <mary@mary.zone>

.editorconfig

@@ -259,12 +259,12 @@ dotnet_diagnostic.CA1861.severity = none
 # Disable "Prefer using 'string.Equals(string, StringComparison)' to perform a case-insensitive comparison, but keep in mind that this might cause subtle changes in behavior, so make sure to conduct thorough testing after applying the suggestion, or if culturally sensitive comparison is not required, consider using 'StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase'"
 dotnet_diagnostic.CA1862.severity = none
 
-[src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/**.cs]
-# Disable "mark members as static" rule for services
+[src/Ryujinx/UI/ViewModels/**.cs]
+# Disable "mark members as static" rule for ViewModels
 dotnet_diagnostic.CA1822.severity = none
 
-[src/Ryujinx.Ava/UI/ViewModels/**.cs]
-# Disable "mark members as static" rule for ViewModels
+[src/Ryujinx.HLE/HOS/Services/**.cs]
+# Disable "mark members as static" rule for services
 dotnet_diagnostic.CA1822.severity = none
 
 [src/Ryujinx.Tests/Cpu/*.cs]

.github/labeler.yml

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ gpu:
 
 gui:
 - changed-files:
-  - any-glob-to-any-file: ['src/Ryujinx/**', 'src/Ryujinx.UI.Common/**', 'src/Ryujinx.UI.LocaleGenerator/**', 'src/Ryujinx.Ava/**']
+  - any-glob-to-any-file: ['src/Ryujinx/**', 'src/Ryujinx.UI.Common/**', 'src/Ryujinx.UI.LocaleGenerator/**', 'src/Ryujinx.Gtk3/**']
 
 horizon:
 - changed-files:

.github/workflows/build.yml

@@ -67,15 +67,15 @@ jobs:
         run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_sdl2_headless -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:DebugType=embedded -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER src/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained true
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os != 'macOS-latest'
 
-      - name: Publish Ryujinx.Ava
-        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_ava -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:DebugType=embedded -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER src/Ryujinx.Ava --self-contained true
+      - name: Publish Ryujinx.Gtk3
+        run: dotnet publish -c "${{ matrix.configuration }}" -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_gtk -p:Version="${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" -p:DebugType=embedded -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" -p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER src/Ryujinx.Gtk3 --self-contained true
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os != 'macOS-latest'
 
       - name: Set executable bit
         run: |
           chmod +x ./publish/Ryujinx ./publish/Ryujinx.sh
           chmod +x ./publish_sdl2_headless/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 ./publish_sdl2_headless/Ryujinx.sh
-          chmod +x ./publish_ava/Ryujinx.Ava ./publish_ava/Ryujinx.sh
+          chmod +x ./publish_gtk/Ryujinx.Gtk3 ./publish_gtk/Ryujinx.sh
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
 
       - name: Upload Ryujinx artifact
@@ -92,11 +92,11 @@ jobs:
           path: publish_sdl2_headless
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os != 'macOS-latest'
 
-      - name: Upload Ryujinx.Ava artifact
+      - name: Upload Ryujinx.Gtk3 artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: ava-ryujinx-${{ matrix.configuration }}-${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}+${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}
-          path: publish_ava
+          name: gtk-ryujinx-${{ matrix.configuration }}-${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}+${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}
+          path: publish_gtk
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request' && matrix.platform.os != 'macOS-latest'
 
   build_macos:
@@ -140,19 +140,19 @@ jobs:
         shell: bash
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
 
-      - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx.Ava
+      - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx
         run: |
-          ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_ava.sh . publish_tmp_ava publish_ava ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" "${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" "${{ matrix.configuration }}" "-p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER"
+          ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_ava.sh . publish_tmp publish ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" "${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" "${{ matrix.configuration }}" "-p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER"
 
       - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
         run: |
           ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_headless.sh . publish_tmp_headless publish_headless ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}" "${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}" "${{ matrix.configuration }}" "-p:ExtraDefineConstants=DISABLE_UPDATER"
 
-      - name: Upload Ryujinx.Ava artifact
+      - name: Upload Ryujinx artifact
         uses: actions/upload-artifact@v4
         with:
-          name: ava-ryujinx-${{ matrix.configuration }}-${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}+${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}-macos_universal
-          path: "publish_ava/*.tar.gz"
+          name: ryujinx-${{ matrix.configuration }}-${{ env.RYUJINX_BASE_VERSION }}+${{ steps.git_short_hash.outputs.result }}-macos_universal
+          path: "publish/*.tar.gz"
         if: github.event_name == 'pull_request'
 
       - name: Upload Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 artifact

.github/workflows/nightly_pr_comment.yml

@@ -39,24 +39,24 @@ jobs:
               return core.error(`No artifacts found`);
             }
             let body = `Download the artifacts for this pull request:\n`;
-            let hidden_avalonia_artifacts = `\n\n <details><summary>Experimental GUI (Avalonia)</summary>\n`;
+            let hidden_gtk_artifacts = `\n\n <details><summary>Old GUI (GTK3)</summary>\n`;
             let hidden_headless_artifacts = `\n\n <details><summary>GUI-less (SDL2)</summary>\n`;
             let hidden_debug_artifacts = `\n\n <details><summary>Only for Developers</summary>\n`;
             for (const art of artifacts) {
               if(art.name.includes('Debug')) {
                 hidden_debug_artifacts += `\n* [${art.name}](https://nightly.link/${owner}/${repo}/actions/artifacts/${art.id}.zip)`;
-              } else if(art.name.includes('ava-ryujinx')) {
-                hidden_avalonia_artifacts += `\n* [${art.name}](https://nightly.link/${owner}/${repo}/actions/artifacts/${art.id}.zip)`;
+              } else if(art.name.includes('gtk-ryujinx')) {
+                hidden_gtk_artifacts += `\n* [${art.name}](https://nightly.link/${owner}/${repo}/actions/artifacts/${art.id}.zip)`;
               } else if(art.name.includes('sdl2-ryujinx-headless')) {
                 hidden_headless_artifacts += `\n* [${art.name}](https://nightly.link/${owner}/${repo}/actions/artifacts/${art.id}.zip)`;
               } else {
                 body += `\n* [${art.name}](https://nightly.link/${owner}/${repo}/actions/artifacts/${art.id}.zip)`;
               }
             }
-            hidden_avalonia_artifacts += `\n</details>`;
+            hidden_gtk_artifacts += `\n</details>`;
             hidden_headless_artifacts += `\n</details>`;
             hidden_debug_artifacts += `\n</details>`;
-            body += hidden_avalonia_artifacts;
+            body += hidden_gtk_artifacts;
             body += hidden_headless_artifacts;
             body += hidden_debug_artifacts;
 

.github/workflows/release.yml

@@ -44,6 +44,17 @@ jobs:
               sha: context.sha
             })
 
+      - name: Create release
+        uses: ncipollo/release-action@v1
+        with:
+          name: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
+          tag: ${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}
+          body: "For more information about this release please check out the official [Changelog](https://github.com/Ryujinx/Ryujinx/wiki/Changelog)."
+          omitBodyDuringUpdate: true
+          owner: ${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_OWNER }}
+          repo: ${{ env.RYUJINX_TARGET_RELEASE_CHANNEL_REPO }}
+          token: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_TOKEN }}
+
   release:
     name: Release for ${{ matrix.platform.name }}
     runs-on: ${{ matrix.platform.os }}
@@ -86,14 +97,13 @@ jobs:
 
       - name: Publish
         run: |
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_gtk/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded src/Ryujinx --self-contained true
+          dotnet publish -c Release -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_ava/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded src/Ryujinx --self-contained true
           dotnet publish -c Release -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_sdl2_headless/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded src/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2 --self-contained true
-          dotnet publish -c Release -r "${{ matrix.platform.name }}" -o ./publish_ava/publish -p:Version="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" -p:SourceRevisionId="${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" -p:DebugType=embedded src/Ryujinx.Ava --self-contained true
 
       - name: Packing Windows builds
         if: matrix.platform.os == 'windows-latest'
         run: |
-          pushd publish_gtk
+          pushd publish_ava
           7z a ../release_output/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.zip publish
           popd
 
@@ -102,6 +112,7 @@ jobs:
           popd
 
           pushd publish_ava
+          mv publish/Ryujinx.exe publish/Ryujinx.Ava.exe
           7z a ../release_output/test-ava-ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.zip publish
           popd
         shell: bash
@@ -109,7 +120,7 @@ jobs:
       - name: Packing Linux builds
         if: matrix.platform.os == 'ubuntu-latest'
         run: |
-          pushd publish_gtk
+          pushd publish_ava
           chmod +x publish/Ryujinx.sh publish/Ryujinx
           tar -czvf ../release_output/ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.tar.gz publish
           popd
@@ -120,6 +131,7 @@ jobs:
           popd
 
           pushd publish_ava
+          mv publish/Ryujinx publish/Ryujinx.Ava
           chmod +x publish/Ryujinx.sh publish/Ryujinx.Ava
           tar -czvf ../release_output/test-ava-ryujinx-${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}-${{ matrix.platform.zip_os_name }}.tar.gz publish
           popd
@@ -183,10 +195,10 @@ jobs:
           sed -r --in-place 's/\%\%RYUJINX_CONFIG_FILE_NAME\%\%/Config\.json/g;' src/Ryujinx.Common/ReleaseInformation.cs
         shell: bash
 
-      - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx.Ava
+      - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx
         run: |
           ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_ava.sh . publish_tmp_ava publish_ava ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" Release
-          
+
       - name: Publish macOS Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2
         run: |
           ./distribution/macos/create_macos_build_headless.sh . publish_tmp_headless publish_headless ./distribution/macos/entitlements.xml "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.build_version }}" "${{ steps.version_info.outputs.git_short_hash }}" Release

Directory.Packages.props

@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@
     <PackageVersion Include="SixLabors.ImageSharp" Version="1.0.4" />
     <PackageVersion Include="SixLabors.ImageSharp.Drawing" Version="1.0.0-beta11" />
     <PackageVersion Include="SPB" Version="0.0.4-build32" />
-    <PackageVersion Include="System.Drawing.Common" Version="8.0.1" />
+    <PackageVersion Include="System.Drawing.Common" Version="8.0.2" />
     <PackageVersion Include="System.IO.Hashing" Version="8.0.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="System.Management" Version="8.0.0" />
     <PackageVersion Include="UnicornEngine.Unicorn" Version="2.0.2-rc1-fb78016" />

Ryujinx.sln

@@ -3,7 +3,7 @@ Microsoft Visual Studio Solution File, Format Version 12.00
 # Visual Studio Version 17
 VisualStudioVersion = 17.1.32228.430
 MinimumVisualStudioVersion = 10.0.40219.1
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx", "src\Ryujinx\Ryujinx.csproj", "{074045D4-3ED2-4711-9169-E385F2BFB5A0}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Gtk3", "src\Ryujinx.Gtk3\Ryujinx.Gtk3.csproj", "{074045D4-3ED2-4711-9169-E385F2BFB5A0}"
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Tests", "src\Ryujinx.Tests\Ryujinx.Tests.csproj", "{EBB55AEA-C7D7-4DEB-BF96-FA1789E225E9}"
 EndProject
@@ -69,7 +69,7 @@ Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2", "sr
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg", "src\Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg\Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.FFmpeg.csproj", "{BEE1C184-C9A4-410B-8DFC-FB74D5C93AEB}"
 EndProject
-Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.Ava", "src\Ryujinx.Ava\Ryujinx.Ava.csproj", "{7C1B2721-13DA-4B62-B046-C626605ECCE6}"
+Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx", "src\Ryujinx\Ryujinx.csproj", "{7C1B2721-13DA-4B62-B046-C626605ECCE6}"
 EndProject
 Project("{9A19103F-16F7-4668-BE54-9A1E7A4F7556}") = "Ryujinx.UI.Common", "src\Ryujinx.UI.Common\Ryujinx.UI.Common.csproj", "{BA161CA0-CD65-4E6E-B644-51C8D1E542DC}"
 EndProject

distribution/linux/Ryujinx.sh

@@ -6,10 +6,6 @@ if [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2" ]; then
     RYUJINX_BIN="Ryujinx.Headless.SDL2"
 fi
 
-if [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/Ryujinx.Ava" ]; then
-    RYUJINX_BIN="Ryujinx.Ava"
-fi
-
 if [ -f "$SCRIPT_DIR/Ryujinx" ]; then
     RYUJINX_BIN="Ryujinx"
 fi

distribution/macos/create_app_bundle.sh

@@ -14,8 +14,8 @@ mkdir "$APP_BUNDLE_DIRECTORY/Contents/Frameworks"
 mkdir "$APP_BUNDLE_DIRECTORY/Contents/MacOS"
 mkdir "$APP_BUNDLE_DIRECTORY/Contents/Resources"
 
-# Copy executables first
-cp "$PUBLISH_DIRECTORY/Ryujinx.Ava" "$APP_BUNDLE_DIRECTORY/Contents/MacOS/Ryujinx"
+# Copy executable and nsure executable can be executed
+cp "$PUBLISH_DIRECTORY/Ryujinx" "$APP_BUNDLE_DIRECTORY/Contents/MacOS/Ryujinx"
 chmod u+x "$APP_BUNDLE_DIRECTORY/Contents/MacOS/Ryujinx"
 
 # Then all libraries

distribution/macos/create_macos_build_ava.sh

@@ -22,9 +22,9 @@ EXTRA_ARGS=$8
 
 if [ "$VERSION" == "1.1.0" ];
 then
-  RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME=test-ava-ryujinx-$CONFIGURATION-$VERSION+$SOURCE_REVISION_ID-macos_universal.app.tar
+  RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME=ryujinx-$CONFIGURATION-$VERSION+$SOURCE_REVISION_ID-macos_universal.app.tar
 else
-  RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME=test-ava-ryujinx-$VERSION-macos_universal.app.tar
+  RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME=ryujinx-$VERSION-macos_universal.app.tar
 fi
 
 ARM64_APP_BUNDLE="$TEMP_DIRECTORY/output_arm64/Ryujinx.app"
@@ -38,9 +38,9 @@ mkdir -p "$TEMP_DIRECTORY"
 DOTNET_COMMON_ARGS=(-p:DebugType=embedded -p:Version="$VERSION" -p:SourceRevisionId="$SOURCE_REVISION_ID" --self-contained true $EXTRA_ARGS)
 
 dotnet restore
-dotnet build -c "$CONFIGURATION" src/Ryujinx.Ava
-dotnet publish -c "$CONFIGURATION" -r osx-arm64 -o "$TEMP_DIRECTORY/publish_arm64" "${DOTNET_COMMON_ARGS[@]}" src/Ryujinx.Ava
-dotnet publish -c "$CONFIGURATION" -r osx-x64 -o "$TEMP_DIRECTORY/publish_x64" "${DOTNET_COMMON_ARGS[@]}" src/Ryujinx.Ava
+dotnet build -c "$CONFIGURATION" src/Ryujinx
+dotnet publish -c "$CONFIGURATION" -r osx-arm64 -o "$TEMP_DIRECTORY/publish_arm64" "${DOTNET_COMMON_ARGS[@]}" src/Ryujinx
+dotnet publish -c "$CONFIGURATION" -r osx-x64 -o "$TEMP_DIRECTORY/publish_x64" "${DOTNET_COMMON_ARGS[@]}" src/Ryujinx
 
 # Get rid of the support library for ARMeilleure for x64 (that's only for arm64)
 rm -rf "$TEMP_DIRECTORY/publish_x64/libarmeilleure-jitsupport.dylib"
@@ -108,6 +108,13 @@ tar --exclude "Ryujinx.app/Contents/MacOS/Ryujinx" -cvf "$RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME"
 python3 "$BASE_DIR/distribution/misc/add_tar_exec.py" "$RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME" "Ryujinx.app/Contents/MacOS/Ryujinx" "Ryujinx.app/Contents/MacOS/Ryujinx"
 gzip -9 < "$RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME" > "$RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME.gz"
 rm "$RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME"
+
+# Create legacy update package for Avalonia to not left behind old testers.
+if [ "$VERSION" != "1.1.0" ];
+then
+    cp $RELEASE_TAR_FILE_NAME.gz test-ava-ryujinx-$VERSION-macos_universal.app.tar.gz
+fi
+
 popd
 
 echo "Done"

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL/OpenALHardwareDeviceDriver.cs

@@ -20,6 +20,25 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
         private bool _stillRunning;
         private readonly Thread _updaterThread;
 
+        private float _volume;
+
+        public float Volume
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return _volume;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                _volume = value;
+
+                foreach (OpenALHardwareDeviceSession session in _sessions.Keys)
+                {
+                    session.UpdateMasterVolume(value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         public OpenALHardwareDeviceDriver()
         {
             _device = ALC.OpenDevice("");
@@ -34,6 +53,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
                 Name = "HardwareDeviceDriver.OpenAL",
             };
 
+            _volume = 1f;
+
             _updaterThread.Start();
         }
 
@@ -52,7 +73,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
             }
         }
 
-        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount, float volume)
+        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount)
         {
             if (channelCount == 0)
             {
@@ -73,7 +94,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
                 throw new ArgumentException($"{channelCount}");
             }
 
-            OpenALHardwareDeviceSession session = new(this, memoryManager, sampleFormat, sampleRate, channelCount, volume);
+            OpenALHardwareDeviceSession session = new(this, memoryManager, sampleFormat, sampleRate, channelCount);
 
             _sessions.TryAdd(session, 0);
 

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL/OpenALHardwareDeviceSession.cs

@@ -16,10 +16,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
         private bool _isActive;
         private readonly Queue<OpenALAudioBuffer> _queuedBuffers;
         private ulong _playedSampleCount;
+        private float _volume;
 
         private readonly object _lock = new();
 
-        public OpenALHardwareDeviceSession(OpenALHardwareDeviceDriver driver, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount, float requestedVolume) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
+        public OpenALHardwareDeviceSession(OpenALHardwareDeviceDriver driver, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
         {
             _driver = driver;
             _queuedBuffers = new Queue<OpenALAudioBuffer>();
@@ -27,7 +28,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
             _targetFormat = GetALFormat();
             _isActive = false;
             _playedSampleCount = 0;
-            SetVolume(requestedVolume);
+            SetVolume(1f);
         }
 
         private ALFormat GetALFormat()
@@ -85,17 +86,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL
 
         public override void SetVolume(float volume)
         {
-            lock (_lock)
-            {
-                AL.Source(_sourceId, ALSourcef.Gain, volume);
-            }
+            _volume = volume;
+
+            UpdateMasterVolume(_driver.Volume);
         }
 
         public override float GetVolume()
         {
-            AL.GetSource(_sourceId, ALSourcef.Gain, out float volume);
+            return _volume;
+        }
 
-            return volume;
+        public void UpdateMasterVolume(float newVolume)
+        {
+            lock (_lock)
+            {
+                AL.Source(_sourceId, ALSourcef.Gain, newVolume * _volume);
+            }
         }
 
         public override void Start()

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2/SDL2HardwareDeviceDriver.cs

@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2
 
         private readonly bool _supportSurroundConfiguration;
 
+        public float Volume { get; set; }
+
         // TODO: Add this to SDL2-CS
         // NOTE: We use a DllImport here because of marshaling issue for spec.
 #pragma warning disable SYSLIB1054
@@ -48,6 +50,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2
             {
                 _supportSurroundConfiguration = spec.channels >= 6;
             }
+
+            Volume = 1f;
         }
 
         public static bool IsSupported => IsSupportedInternal();
@@ -74,7 +78,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2
             return _pauseEvent;
         }
 
-        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount, float volume)
+        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount)
         {
             if (channelCount == 0)
             {
@@ -91,7 +95,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2
                 throw new NotImplementedException("Input direction is currently not implemented on SDL2 backend!");
             }
 
-            SDL2HardwareDeviceSession session = new(this, memoryManager, sampleFormat, sampleRate, channelCount, volume);
+            SDL2HardwareDeviceSession session = new(this, memoryManager, sampleFormat, sampleRate, channelCount);
 
             _sessions.TryAdd(session, 0);
 

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2/SDL2HardwareDeviceSession.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2
         private float _volume;
         private readonly ushort _nativeSampleFormat;
 
-        public SDL2HardwareDeviceSession(SDL2HardwareDeviceDriver driver, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount, float requestedVolume) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
+        public SDL2HardwareDeviceSession(SDL2HardwareDeviceDriver driver, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
         {
             _driver = driver;
             _updateRequiredEvent = _driver.GetUpdateRequiredEvent();
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2
             _nativeSampleFormat = SDL2HardwareDeviceDriver.GetSDL2Format(RequestedSampleFormat);
             _sampleCount = uint.MaxValue;
             _started = false;
-            _volume = requestedVolume;
+            _volume = 1f;
         }
 
         private void EnsureAudioStreamSetup(AudioBuffer buffer)
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2
                 streamSpan.Clear();
 
                 // Apply volume to written data
-                SDL_MixAudioFormat(stream, pStreamSrc, _nativeSampleFormat, (uint)samples.Length, (int)(_volume * SDL_MIX_MAXVOLUME));
+                SDL_MixAudioFormat(stream, pStreamSrc, _nativeSampleFormat, (uint)samples.Length, (int)(_driver.Volume * _volume * SDL_MIX_MAXVOLUME));
             }
 
             ulong sampleCount = GetSampleCount(samples.Length);

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo/SoundIoHardwareDeviceDriver.cs

@@ -19,6 +19,25 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo
         private readonly ConcurrentDictionary<SoundIoHardwareDeviceSession, byte> _sessions;
         private int _disposeState;
 
+        private float _volume = 1f;
+
+        public float Volume
+        {
+            get
+            {
+                return _volume;
+            }
+            set
+            {
+                _volume = value;
+
+                foreach (SoundIoHardwareDeviceSession session in _sessions.Keys)
+                {
+                    session.UpdateMasterVolume(value);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         public SoundIoHardwareDeviceDriver()
         {
             _audioContext = SoundIoContext.Create();
@@ -122,7 +141,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo
             return _pauseEvent;
         }
 
-        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount, float volume)
+        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount)
         {
             if (channelCount == 0)
             {
@@ -134,14 +153,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo
                 sampleRate = Constants.TargetSampleRate;
             }
 
-            volume = Math.Clamp(volume, 0, 1);
-
             if (direction != Direction.Output)
             {
                 throw new NotImplementedException("Input direction is currently not implemented on SoundIO backend!");
             }
 
-            SoundIoHardwareDeviceSession session = new(this, memoryManager, sampleFormat, sampleRate, channelCount, volume);
+            SoundIoHardwareDeviceSession session = new(this, memoryManager, sampleFormat, sampleRate, channelCount);
 
             _sessions.TryAdd(session, 0);
 

src/Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo/SoundIoHardwareDeviceSession.cs

@@ -18,16 +18,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo
         private readonly DynamicRingBuffer _ringBuffer;
         private ulong _playedSampleCount;
         private readonly ManualResetEvent _updateRequiredEvent;
+        private float _volume;
         private int _disposeState;
 
-        public SoundIoHardwareDeviceSession(SoundIoHardwareDeviceDriver driver, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount, float requestedVolume) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
+        public SoundIoHardwareDeviceSession(SoundIoHardwareDeviceDriver driver, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
         {
             _driver = driver;
             _updateRequiredEvent = _driver.GetUpdateRequiredEvent();
             _queuedBuffers = new ConcurrentQueue<SoundIoAudioBuffer>();
             _ringBuffer = new DynamicRingBuffer();
+            _volume = 1f;
 
-            SetupOutputStream(requestedVolume);
+            SetupOutputStream(driver.Volume);
         }
 
         private void SetupOutputStream(float requestedVolume)
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo
 
         public override float GetVolume()
         {
-            return _outputStream.Volume;
+            return _volume;
         }
 
         public override void PrepareToClose() { }
@@ -63,7 +65,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo
 
         public override void SetVolume(float volume)
         {
-            _outputStream.SetVolume(volume);
+            _volume = volume;
+
+            _outputStream.SetVolume(_driver.Volume * volume);
+        }
+
+        public void UpdateMasterVolume(float newVolume)
+        {
+            _outputStream.SetVolume(newVolume * _volume);
         }
 
         public override void Start()

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Backends/CompatLayer/CompatLayerHardwareDeviceDriver.cs

@@ -16,6 +16,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.CompatLayer
 
         public static bool IsSupported => true;
 
+        public float Volume
+        {
+            get => _realDriver.Volume;
+            set => _realDriver.Volume = value;
+        }
+
         public CompatLayerHardwareDeviceDriver(IHardwareDeviceDriver realDevice)
         {
             _realDriver = realDevice;
@@ -90,7 +96,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.CompatLayer
             throw new ArgumentException("No valid sample format configuration found!");
         }
 
-        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount, float volume)
+        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount)
         {
             if (channelCount == 0)
             {
@@ -102,8 +108,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.CompatLayer
                 sampleRate = Constants.TargetSampleRate;
             }
 
-            volume = Math.Clamp(volume, 0, 1);
-
             if (!_realDriver.SupportsDirection(direction))
             {
                 if (direction == Direction.Input)
@@ -119,7 +123,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.CompatLayer
             SampleFormat hardwareSampleFormat = SelectHardwareSampleFormat(sampleFormat);
             uint hardwareChannelCount = SelectHardwareChannelCount(channelCount);
 
-            IHardwareDeviceSession realSession = _realDriver.OpenDeviceSession(direction, memoryManager, hardwareSampleFormat, sampleRate, hardwareChannelCount, volume);
+            IHardwareDeviceSession realSession = _realDriver.OpenDeviceSession(direction, memoryManager, hardwareSampleFormat, sampleRate, hardwareChannelCount);
 
             if (hardwareChannelCount == channelCount && hardwareSampleFormat == sampleFormat)
             {

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Backends/Dummy/DummyHardwareDeviceDriver.cs

@@ -14,13 +14,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.Dummy
 
         public static bool IsSupported => true;
 
+        public float Volume { get; set; }
+
         public DummyHardwareDeviceDriver()
         {
             _updateRequiredEvent = new ManualResetEvent(false);
             _pauseEvent = new ManualResetEvent(true);
+
+            Volume = 1f;
         }
 
-        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount, float volume)
+        public IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount)
         {
             if (sampleRate == 0)
             {
@@ -34,7 +38,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.Dummy
 
             if (direction == Direction.Output)
             {
-                return new DummyHardwareDeviceSessionOutput(this, memoryManager, sampleFormat, sampleRate, channelCount, volume);
+                return new DummyHardwareDeviceSessionOutput(this, memoryManager, sampleFormat, sampleRate, channelCount);
             }
 
             return new DummyHardwareDeviceSessionInput(this, memoryManager);

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Backends/Dummy/DummyHardwareDeviceSessionOutput.cs

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.Dummy
 
         private ulong _playedSampleCount;
 
-        public DummyHardwareDeviceSessionOutput(IHardwareDeviceDriver manager, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount, float requestedVolume) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
+        public DummyHardwareDeviceSessionOutput(IHardwareDeviceDriver manager, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat requestedSampleFormat, uint requestedSampleRate, uint requestedChannelCount) : base(memoryManager, requestedSampleFormat, requestedSampleRate, requestedChannelCount)
         {
-            _volume = requestedVolume;
+            _volume = 1f;
             _manager = manager;
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Input/AudioInputManager.cs

@@ -166,7 +166,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Input
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="filtered">If true, filter disconnected devices</param>
         /// <returns>The list of all audio inputs name</returns>
-#pragma warning disable CA1822 // Mark member as static
         public string[] ListAudioIns(bool filtered)
         {
             if (filtered)
@@ -176,7 +175,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Input
 
             return new[] { Constants.DefaultDeviceInputName };
         }
-#pragma warning restore CA1822
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Open a new <see cref="AudioInputSystem"/>.
@@ -188,8 +186,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Input
         /// <param name="inputDeviceName">The input device name wanted by the user</param>
         /// <param name="sampleFormat">The sample format to use</param>
         /// <param name="parameter">The user configuration</param>
-        /// <param name="appletResourceUserId">The applet resource user id of the application</param>
-        /// <param name="processHandle">The process handle of the application</param>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="ResultCode"/> reporting an error or a success</returns>
         public ResultCode OpenAudioIn(out string outputDeviceName,
                                       out AudioOutputConfiguration outputConfiguration,
@@ -197,9 +193,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Input
                                       IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager,
                                       string inputDeviceName,
                                       SampleFormat sampleFormat,
-                                      ref AudioInputConfiguration parameter,
-                                      ulong appletResourceUserId,
-                                      uint processHandle)
+                                      ref AudioInputConfiguration parameter)
         {
             int sessionId = AcquireSessionId();
 

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Integration/HardwareDeviceImpl.cs

@@ -13,9 +13,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Integration
 
         private readonly byte[] _buffer;
 
-        public HardwareDeviceImpl(IHardwareDeviceDriver deviceDriver, uint channelCount, uint sampleRate, float volume)
+        public HardwareDeviceImpl(IHardwareDeviceDriver deviceDriver, uint channelCount, uint sampleRate)
         {
-            _session = deviceDriver.OpenDeviceSession(IHardwareDeviceDriver.Direction.Output, null, SampleFormat.PcmInt16, sampleRate, channelCount, volume);
+            _session = deviceDriver.OpenDeviceSession(IHardwareDeviceDriver.Direction.Output, null, SampleFormat.PcmInt16, sampleRate, channelCount);
             _channelCount = channelCount;
             _sampleRate = sampleRate;
             _currentBufferTag = 0;

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Integration/IHardwareDeviceDriver.cs

@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Integration
             Output,
         }
 
-        IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount, float volume = 1f);
+        float Volume { get; set; }
+
+        IHardwareDeviceSession OpenDeviceSession(Direction direction, IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager, SampleFormat sampleFormat, uint sampleRate, uint channelCount);
 
         ManualResetEvent GetUpdateRequiredEvent();
         ManualResetEvent GetPauseEvent();

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Output/AudioOutputManager.cs

@@ -165,12 +165,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Output
         /// Get the list of all audio outputs name.
         /// </summary>
         /// <returns>The list of all audio outputs name</returns>
-#pragma warning disable CA1822 // Mark member as static
         public string[] ListAudioOuts()
         {
             return new[] { Constants.DefaultDeviceOutputName };
         }
-#pragma warning restore CA1822
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Open a new <see cref="AudioOutputSystem"/>.
@@ -182,9 +180,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Output
         /// <param name="inputDeviceName">The input device name wanted by the user</param>
         /// <param name="sampleFormat">The sample format to use</param>
         /// <param name="parameter">The user configuration</param>
-        /// <param name="appletResourceUserId">The applet resource user id of the application</param>
-        /// <param name="processHandle">The process handle of the application</param>
-        /// <param name="volume">The volume level to request</param>
         /// <returns>A <see cref="ResultCode"/> reporting an error or a success</returns>
         public ResultCode OpenAudioOut(out string outputDeviceName,
                                        out AudioOutputConfiguration outputConfiguration,
@@ -192,16 +187,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Output
                                        IVirtualMemoryManager memoryManager,
                                        string inputDeviceName,
                                        SampleFormat sampleFormat,
-                                       ref AudioInputConfiguration parameter,
-                                       ulong appletResourceUserId,
-                                       uint processHandle,
-                                       float volume)
+                                       ref AudioInputConfiguration parameter)
         {
             int sessionId = AcquireSessionId();
 
             _sessionsBufferEvents[sessionId].Clear();
 
-            IHardwareDeviceSession deviceSession = _deviceDriver.OpenDeviceSession(IHardwareDeviceDriver.Direction.Output, memoryManager, sampleFormat, parameter.SampleRate, parameter.ChannelCount, volume);
+            IHardwareDeviceSession deviceSession = _deviceDriver.OpenDeviceSession(IHardwareDeviceDriver.Direction.Output, memoryManager, sampleFormat, parameter.SampleRate, parameter.ChannelCount);
 
             AudioOutputSystem audioOut = new(this, _lock, deviceSession, _sessionsBufferEvents[sessionId]);
 
@@ -234,41 +226,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Output
             return result;
         }
 
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Sets the volume for all output devices.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="volume">The volume to set.</param>
-        public void SetVolume(float volume)
-        {
-            if (_sessions != null)
-            {
-                foreach (AudioOutputSystem session in _sessions)
-                {
-                    session?.SetVolume(volume);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        /// <summary>
-        /// Gets the volume for all output devices.
-        /// </summary>
-        /// <returns>A float indicating the volume level.</returns>
-        public float GetVolume()
-        {
-            if (_sessions != null)
-            {
-                foreach (AudioOutputSystem session in _sessions)
-                {
-                    if (session != null)
-                    {
-                        return session.GetVolume();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            return 0.0f;
-        }
-
         public void Dispose()
         {
             GC.SuppressFinalize(this);

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Dsp/AudioProcessor.cs

@@ -45,7 +45,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
             _event = new ManualResetEvent(false);
         }
 
-#pragma warning disable IDE0051 // Remove unused private member
         private static uint GetHardwareChannelCount(IHardwareDeviceDriver deviceDriver)
         {
             // Get the real device driver (In case the compat layer is on top of it).
@@ -59,9 +58,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
             // NOTE: We default to stereo as this will get downmixed to mono by the compat layer if it's not compatible.
             return 2;
         }
-#pragma warning restore IDE0051
 
-        public void Start(IHardwareDeviceDriver deviceDriver, float volume)
+        public void Start(IHardwareDeviceDriver deviceDriver)
         {
             OutputDevices = new IHardwareDevice[Constants.AudioRendererSessionCountMax];
 
@@ -70,7 +68,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
             for (int i = 0; i < OutputDevices.Length; i++)
             {
                 // TODO: Don't hardcode sample rate.
-                OutputDevices[i] = new HardwareDeviceImpl(deviceDriver, channelCount, Constants.TargetSampleRate, volume);
+                OutputDevices[i] = new HardwareDeviceImpl(deviceDriver, channelCount, Constants.TargetSampleRate);
             }
 
             _mailbox = new Mailbox<MailboxMessage>();
@@ -231,33 +229,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
             _mailbox.SendResponse(MailboxMessage.Stop);
         }
 
-        public float GetVolume()
-        {
-            if (OutputDevices != null)
-            {
-                foreach (IHardwareDevice outputDevice in OutputDevices)
-                {
-                    if (outputDevice != null)
-                    {
-                        return outputDevice.GetVolume();
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-
-            return 0f;
-        }
-
-        public void SetVolume(float volume)
-        {
-            if (OutputDevices != null)
-            {
-                foreach (IHardwareDevice outputDevice in OutputDevices)
-                {
-                    outputDevice?.SetVolume(volume);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
         public void Dispose()
         {
             GC.SuppressFinalize(this);
@@ -269,6 +240,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Dsp
             if (disposing)
             {
                 _event.Dispose();
+                _mailbox?.Dispose();
             }
         }
     }

src/Ryujinx.Audio/Renderer/Server/AudioRendererManager.cs

@@ -177,12 +177,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server
         /// <summary>
         /// Start the <see cref="AudioProcessor"/> and worker thread.
         /// </summary>
-        private void StartLocked(float volume)
+        private void StartLocked()
         {
             _isRunning = true;
 
             // TODO: virtual device mapping (IAudioDevice)
-            Processor.Start(_deviceDriver, volume);
+            Processor.Start(_deviceDriver);
 
             _workerThread = new Thread(SendCommands)
             {
@@ -254,7 +254,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server
         /// Register a new <see cref="AudioRenderSystem"/>.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="renderer">The <see cref="AudioRenderSystem"/> to register.</param>
-        private void Register(AudioRenderSystem renderer, float volume)
+        private void Register(AudioRenderSystem renderer)
         {
             lock (_sessionLock)
             {
@@ -265,7 +265,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server
             {
                 if (!_isRunning)
                 {
-                    StartLocked(volume);
+                    StartLocked();
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -312,8 +312,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server
             ulong appletResourceUserId,
             ulong workBufferAddress,
             ulong workBufferSize,
-            uint processHandle,
-            float volume)
+            uint processHandle)
         {
             int sessionId = AcquireSessionId();
 
@@ -338,7 +337,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server
             {
                 renderer = audioRenderer;
 
-                Register(renderer, volume);
+                Register(renderer);
             }
             else
             {
@@ -350,21 +349,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Audio.Renderer.Server
             return result;
         }
 
-        public float GetVolume()
-        {
-            if (Processor != null)
-            {
-                return Processor.GetVolume();
-            }
-
-            return 0f;
-        }
-
-        public void SetVolume(float volume)
-        {
-            Processor?.SetVolume(volume);
-        }
-
         public void Dispose()
         {
             GC.SuppressFinalize(this);

src/Ryujinx.Ava/Program.cs

@@ -1,236 +0,0 @@
-using Avalonia;
-using Avalonia.Threading;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Windows;
-using Ryujinx.Common;
-using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
-using Ryujinx.Common.GraphicsDriver;
-using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
-using Ryujinx.Common.SystemInterop;
-using Ryujinx.Modules;
-using Ryujinx.SDL2.Common;
-using Ryujinx.UI.Common;
-using Ryujinx.UI.Common.Configuration;
-using Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper;
-using Ryujinx.UI.Common.SystemInfo;
-using System;
-using System.IO;
-using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-using System.Threading.Tasks;
-
-namespace Ryujinx.Ava
-{
-    internal partial class Program
-    {
-        public static double WindowScaleFactor { get; set; }
-        public static double DesktopScaleFactor { get; set; } = 1.0;
-        public static string Version { get; private set; }
-        public static string ConfigurationPath { get; private set; }
-        public static bool PreviewerDetached { get; private set; }
-
-        [LibraryImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
-        public static partial int MessageBoxA(IntPtr hWnd, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string text, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string caption, uint type);
-
-        private const uint MbIconwarning = 0x30;
-
-        public static void Main(string[] args)
-        {
-            Version = ReleaseInformation.Version;
-
-            if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows() && !OperatingSystem.IsWindowsVersionAtLeast(10, 0, 17134))
-            {
-                _ = MessageBoxA(IntPtr.Zero, "You are running an outdated version of Windows.\n\nStarting on June 1st 2022, Ryujinx will only support Windows 10 1803 and newer.\n", $"Ryujinx {Version}", MbIconwarning);
-            }
-
-            PreviewerDetached = true;
-
-            Initialize(args);
-
-            LoggerAdapter.Register();
-
-            BuildAvaloniaApp().StartWithClassicDesktopLifetime(args);
-        }
-
-        public static AppBuilder BuildAvaloniaApp()
-        {
-            return AppBuilder.Configure<App>()
-                .UsePlatformDetect()
-                .With(new X11PlatformOptions
-                {
-                    EnableMultiTouch = true,
-                    EnableIme = true,
-                    RenderingMode = new[] { X11RenderingMode.Glx, X11RenderingMode.Software },
-                })
-                .With(new Win32PlatformOptions
-                {
-                    WinUICompositionBackdropCornerRadius = 8.0f,
-                    RenderingMode = new[] { Win32RenderingMode.AngleEgl, Win32RenderingMode.Software },
-                })
-                .UseSkia();
-        }
-
-        private static void Initialize(string[] args)
-        {
-            // Parse arguments
-            CommandLineState.ParseArguments(args);
-
-            // Delete backup files after updating.
-            Task.Run(Updater.CleanupUpdate);
-
-            Console.Title = $"Ryujinx Console {Version}";
-
-            // Hook unhandled exception and process exit events.
-            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += (sender, e) => ProcessUnhandledException(e.ExceptionObject as Exception, e.IsTerminating);
-            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += (sender, e) => Exit();
-
-            // Setup base data directory.
-            AppDataManager.Initialize(CommandLineState.BaseDirPathArg);
-
-            // Initialize the configuration.
-            ConfigurationState.Initialize();
-
-            // Initialize the logger system.
-            LoggerModule.Initialize();
-
-            // Initialize Discord integration.
-            DiscordIntegrationModule.Initialize();
-
-            // Initialize SDL2 driver
-            SDL2Driver.MainThreadDispatcher = action => Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(action, DispatcherPriority.Input);
-
-            ReloadConfig();
-
-            WindowScaleFactor = ForceDpiAware.GetWindowScaleFactor();
-
-            // Logging system information.
-            PrintSystemInfo();
-
-            // Enable OGL multithreading on the driver, when available.
-            DriverUtilities.ToggleOGLThreading(ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.BackendThreading == BackendThreading.Off);
-
-            // Check if keys exists.
-            if (!File.Exists(Path.Combine(AppDataManager.KeysDirPath, "prod.keys")))
-            {
-                if (!(AppDataManager.Mode == AppDataManager.LaunchMode.UserProfile && File.Exists(Path.Combine(AppDataManager.KeysDirPathUser, "prod.keys"))))
-                {
-                    MainWindow.ShowKeyErrorOnLoad = true;
-                }
-            }
-
-            if (CommandLineState.LaunchPathArg != null)
-            {
-                MainWindow.DeferLoadApplication(CommandLineState.LaunchPathArg, CommandLineState.StartFullscreenArg);
-            }
-        }
-
-        public static void ReloadConfig()
-        {
-            string localConfigurationPath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, ReleaseInformation.ConfigName);
-            string appDataConfigurationPath = Path.Combine(AppDataManager.BaseDirPath, ReleaseInformation.ConfigName);
-
-            // Now load the configuration as the other subsystems are now registered
-            if (File.Exists(localConfigurationPath))
-            {
-                ConfigurationPath = localConfigurationPath;
-            }
-            else if (File.Exists(appDataConfigurationPath))
-            {
-                ConfigurationPath = appDataConfigurationPath;
-            }
-
-            if (ConfigurationPath == null)
-            {
-                // No configuration, we load the default values and save it to disk
-                ConfigurationPath = appDataConfigurationPath;
-
-                ConfigurationState.Instance.LoadDefault();
-                ConfigurationState.Instance.ToFileFormat().SaveConfig(ConfigurationPath);
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                if (ConfigurationFileFormat.TryLoad(ConfigurationPath, out ConfigurationFileFormat configurationFileFormat))
-                {
-                    ConfigurationState.Instance.Load(configurationFileFormat, ConfigurationPath);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    ConfigurationState.Instance.LoadDefault();
-
-                    Logger.Warning?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Application, $"Failed to load config! Loading the default config instead.\nFailed config location {ConfigurationPath}");
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Check if graphics backend was overridden
-            if (CommandLineState.OverrideGraphicsBackend != null)
-            {
-                if (CommandLineState.OverrideGraphicsBackend.ToLower() == "opengl")
-                {
-                    ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.GraphicsBackend.Value = GraphicsBackend.OpenGl;
-                }
-                else if (CommandLineState.OverrideGraphicsBackend.ToLower() == "vulkan")
-                {
-                    ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.GraphicsBackend.Value = GraphicsBackend.Vulkan;
-                }
-            }
-
-            // Check if docked mode was overriden.
-            if (CommandLineState.OverrideDockedMode.HasValue)
-            {
-                ConfigurationState.Instance.System.EnableDockedMode.Value = CommandLineState.OverrideDockedMode.Value;
-            }
-
-            // Check if HideCursor was overridden.
-            if (CommandLineState.OverrideHideCursor is not null)
-            {
-                ConfigurationState.Instance.HideCursor.Value = CommandLineState.OverrideHideCursor!.ToLower() switch
-                {
-                    "never" => HideCursorMode.Never,
-                    "onidle" => HideCursorMode.OnIdle,
-                    "always" => HideCursorMode.Always,
-                    _ => ConfigurationState.Instance.HideCursor.Value,
-                };
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static void PrintSystemInfo()
-        {
-            Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Ryujinx Version: {Version}");
-            SystemInfo.Gather().Print();
-
-            Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Logs Enabled: {(Logger.GetEnabledLevels().Count == 0 ? "<None>" : string.Join(", ", Logger.GetEnabledLevels()))}");
-
-            if (AppDataManager.Mode == AppDataManager.LaunchMode.Custom)
-            {
-                Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Launch Mode: Custom Path {AppDataManager.BaseDirPath}");
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Launch Mode: {AppDataManager.Mode}");
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static void ProcessUnhandledException(Exception ex, bool isTerminating)
-        {
-            string message = $"Unhandled exception caught: {ex}";
-
-            Logger.Error?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Application, message);
-
-            if (Logger.Error == null)
-            {
-                Logger.Notice.PrintMsg(LogClass.Application, message);
-            }
-
-            if (isTerminating)
-            {
-                Exit();
-            }
-        }
-
-        public static void Exit()
-        {
-            DiscordIntegrationModule.Exit();
-
-            Logger.Shutdown();
-        }
-    }
-}

src/Ryujinx.Ava/Ryujinx.Ava.csproj

@@ -1,167 +0,0 @@
-<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
-  <PropertyGroup>
-    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
-    <RuntimeIdentifiers>win-x64;osx-x64;linux-x64</RuntimeIdentifiers>
-    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
-    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
-    <Version>1.0.0-dirty</Version>
-    <DefineConstants Condition=" '$(ExtraDefineConstants)' != '' ">$(DefineConstants);$(ExtraDefineConstants)</DefineConstants>
-    <SigningCertificate Condition=" '$(SigningCertificate)' == '' ">-</SigningCertificate>
-    <RootNamespace>Ryujinx.Ava</RootNamespace>
-    <ApplicationIcon>Ryujinx.ico</ApplicationIcon>
-    <TieredPGO>true</TieredPGO>
-    <AvaloniaUseCompiledBindingsByDefault>true</AvaloniaUseCompiledBindingsByDefault>
-    <ApplicationManifest>app.manifest</ApplicationManifest>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-
-  <Target Name="PostBuild" AfterTargets="PostBuildEvent" Condition="$([MSBuild]::IsOSPlatform('OSX'))">
-    <Exec Command="codesign --entitlements '$(ProjectDir)..\..\distribution\macos\entitlements.xml' -f --deep -s $(SigningCertificate) '$(TargetDir)$(TargetName)'" />
-  </Target>
-
-  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != ''">
-    <PublishSingleFile>true</PublishSingleFile>
-    <TrimmerSingleWarn>false</TrimmerSingleWarn>
-    <PublishTrimmed>true</PublishTrimmed>
-    <TrimMode>partial</TrimMode>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-
-  <!--
-    FluentAvalonia, used in the Avalonia UI, requires a workaround for the json serializer used internally when using .NET 8+ System.Text.Json.
-    See:
-      https://github.com/amwx/FluentAvalonia/issues/481
-      https://devblogs.microsoft.com/dotnet/system-text-json-in-dotnet-8/
-  -->
-  <PropertyGroup>
-    <JsonSerializerIsReflectionEnabledByDefault>true</JsonSerializerIsReflectionEnabledByDefault>
-  </PropertyGroup>
-
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Desktop" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Diagnostics" Condition="'$(Configuration)'=='Debug'" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Controls.DataGrid" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Markup.Xaml.Loader" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Svg" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Avalonia.Svg.Skia" />
-    <PackageReference Include="DynamicData" />
-    <PackageReference Include="FluentAvaloniaUI" />
-
-    <PackageReference Include="OpenTK.Core" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Ryujinx.Audio.OpenAL.Dependencies" Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-arm64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'osx-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'osx-arm64'" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Dependencies" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Dependencies.MoltenVK" Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-arm64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'win-x64'" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.EXT" />
-    <PackageReference Include="Silk.NET.Vulkan.Extensions.KHR" />
-    <PackageReference Include="SPB" />
-    <PackageReference Include="SharpZipLib" />
-    <PackageReference Include="SixLabors.ImageSharp" />
-
-    <!--NOTE: DO NOT REMOVE, THIS IS REQUIRED AS A RESULT OF A TRIMMING ISSUE IN AVALONIA -->
-    <PackageReference Include="System.Drawing.Common" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan\Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Input\Ryujinx.Input.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Input.SDL2\Ryujinx.Input.SDL2.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Common\Ryujinx.Common.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.HLE\Ryujinx.HLE.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\ARMeilleure\ARMeilleure.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL\Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.UI.Common\Ryujinx.UI.Common.csproj" />
-    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.UI.LocaleGenerator\Ryujinx.UI.LocaleGenerator.csproj" OutputItemType="Analyzer" ReferenceOutputAssembly="false" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <Content Include="..\..\distribution\windows\alsoft.ini" Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-arm64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'osx-x64'">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-      <TargetPath>alsoft.ini</TargetPath>
-    </Content>
-    <Content Include="..\..\distribution\legal\THIRDPARTY.md">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-      <TargetPath>THIRDPARTY.md</TargetPath>
-    </Content>
-    <Content Include="..\..\LICENSE.txt">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-      <TargetPath>LICENSE.txt</TargetPath>
-    </Content>
-  </ItemGroup>
-
-  <ItemGroup Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == 'linux-x64' OR '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == 'linux-arm64'">
-    <Content Include="..\..\distribution\linux\Ryujinx.sh">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-    </Content>
-    <Content Include="..\..\distribution\linux\mime\Ryujinx.xml">
-      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
-      <TargetPath>mime\Ryujinx.xml</TargetPath>
-    </Content>
-  </ItemGroup>
-
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <AvaloniaResource Include="UI\**\*.xaml">
-      <SubType>Designer</SubType>
-    </AvaloniaResource>
-    <AvaloniaResource Include="Assets\Fonts\SegoeFluentIcons.ttf" />
-    <AvaloniaResource Include="Assets\Styles\Themes.xaml">
-      <Generator>MSBuild:Compile</Generator>
-    </AvaloniaResource>
-    <AvaloniaResource Include="Assets\Styles\Styles.xaml" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\el_GR.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\en_US.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\es_ES.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\fr_FR.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\he_IL.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\de_DE.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\it_IT.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\ja_JP.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\ko_KR.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\pl_PL.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\pt_BR.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\ru_RU.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\tr_TR.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\uk_UA.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\zh_CN.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Locales\zh_TW.json" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Styles\Styles.xaml" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Styles\Themes.xaml" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Icons\Controller_JoyConLeft.svg" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Icons\Controller_JoyConPair.svg" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Icons\Controller_JoyConRight.svg" />
-    <None Remove="Assets\Icons\Controller_ProCon.svg" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\el_GR.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\en_US.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\es_ES.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\fr_FR.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\he_IL.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\de_DE.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\it_IT.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\ja_JP.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\ko_KR.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\pl_PL.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\pt_BR.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\ru_RU.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\tr_TR.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\uk_UA.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\zh_CN.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Locales\zh_TW.json" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Styles\Styles.xaml" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Icons\Controller_JoyConLeft.svg" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Icons\Controller_JoyConPair.svg" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Icons\Controller_JoyConRight.svg" />
-    <EmbeddedResource Include="Assets\Icons\Controller_ProCon.svg" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-  <ItemGroup>
-    <AdditionalFiles Include="Assets\Locales\en_US.json" />
-  </ItemGroup>
-</Project>

src/Ryujinx.Cpu/LightningJit/Arm64/Target/Arm64/Decoder.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Arm64.Target.Arm64
 {
     static class Decoder
     {
-        private const int MaxInstructionsPerBlock = 1000;
+        private const int MaxInstructionsPerFunction = 10000;
 
         private const uint NzcvFlags = 0xfu << 28;
         private const uint CFlag = 0x1u << 29;
@@ -22,10 +22,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Arm64.Target.Arm64
 
             bool hasHostCall = false;
             bool hasMemoryInstruction = false;
+            int totalInsts = 0;
 
             while (true)
             {
-                Block block = Decode(cpuPreset, memoryManager, address, ref useMask, ref hasHostCall, ref hasMemoryInstruction);
+                Block block = Decode(cpuPreset, memoryManager, address, ref totalInsts, ref useMask, ref hasHostCall, ref hasMemoryInstruction);
 
                 if (!block.IsTruncated && TryGetBranchTarget(block, out ulong targetAddress))
                 {
@@ -230,6 +231,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Arm64.Target.Arm64
             CpuPreset cpuPreset,
             IMemoryManager memoryManager,
             ulong address,
+            ref int totalInsts,
             ref RegisterMask useMask,
             ref bool hasHostCall,
             ref bool hasMemoryInstruction)
@@ -272,7 +274,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Cpu.LightningJit.Arm64.Target.Arm64
 
                 uint tempGprUseMask = gprUseMask | instGprReadMask | instGprWriteMask;
 
-                if (CalculateAvailableTemps(tempGprUseMask) < CalculateRequiredGprTemps(tempGprUseMask) || insts.Count >= MaxInstructionsPerBlock)
+                if (CalculateAvailableTemps(tempGprUseMask) < CalculateRequiredGprTemps(tempGprUseMask) || totalInsts++ >= MaxInstructionsPerFunction)
                 {
                     isTruncated = true;
                     address -= 4UL;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Format.cs

@@ -148,6 +148,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
         B8G8R8A8Unorm,
         B8G8R8A8Srgb,
         B10G10R10A2Unorm,
+        X8UintD24Unorm,
     }
 
     public static class FormatExtensions
@@ -269,6 +270,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
                 case Format.D16Unorm:
                     return 2;
                 case Format.S8UintD24Unorm:
+                case Format.X8UintD24Unorm:
                 case Format.D32Float:
                 case Format.D24UnormS8Uint:
                     return 4;
@@ -349,6 +351,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
                 case Format.D16Unorm:
                 case Format.D24UnormS8Uint:
                 case Format.S8UintD24Unorm:
+                case Format.X8UintD24Unorm:
                 case Format.D32Float:
                 case Format.D32FloatS8Uint:
                     return true;
@@ -633,6 +636,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
                 case Format.D16Unorm:
                 case Format.D24UnormS8Uint:
                 case Format.S8UintD24Unorm:
+                case Format.X8UintD24Unorm:
                 case Format.D32Float:
                 case Format.D32FloatS8Uint:
                 case Format.S8Uint:

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/IPipeline.cs

@@ -58,7 +58,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL
 
         void SetIndexBuffer(BufferRange buffer, IndexType type);
 
-        void SetImage(int binding, ITexture texture, Format imageFormat);
+        void SetImage(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITexture texture, Format imageFormat);
 
         void SetLineParameters(float width, bool smooth);
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/Commands/SetImageCommand.cs

@@ -1,17 +1,20 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Model;
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Resources;
+using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Commands
 {
     struct SetImageCommand : IGALCommand, IGALCommand<SetImageCommand>
     {
         public readonly CommandType CommandType => CommandType.SetImage;
+        private ShaderStage _stage;
         private int _binding;
         private TableRef<ITexture> _texture;
         private Format _imageFormat;
 
-        public void Set(int binding, TableRef<ITexture> texture, Format imageFormat)
+        public void Set(ShaderStage stage, int binding, TableRef<ITexture> texture, Format imageFormat)
         {
+            _stage = stage;
             _binding = binding;
             _texture = texture;
             _imageFormat = imageFormat;
@@ -19,7 +22,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading.Commands
 
         public static void Run(ref SetImageCommand command, ThreadedRenderer threaded, IRenderer renderer)
         {
-            renderer.Pipeline.SetImage(command._binding, command._texture.GetAs<ThreadedTexture>(threaded)?.Base, command._imageFormat);
+            renderer.Pipeline.SetImage(command._stage, command._binding, command._texture.GetAs<ThreadedTexture>(threaded)?.Base, command._imageFormat);
         }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL/Multithreading/ThreadedPipeline.cs

@@ -177,9 +177,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Multithreading
             _renderer.QueueCommand();
         }
 
-        public void SetImage(int binding, ITexture texture, Format imageFormat)
+        public void SetImage(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITexture texture, Format imageFormat)
         {
-            _renderer.New<SetImageCommand>().Set(binding, Ref(texture), imageFormat);
+            _renderer.New<SetImageCommand>().Set(stage, binding, Ref(texture), imageFormat);
             _renderer.QueueCommand();
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Engine/Types/ZetaFormat.cs

@@ -8,13 +8,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Types
     /// </summary>
     enum ZetaFormat
     {
-        D32Float = 0xa,
-        D16Unorm = 0x13,
-        D24UnormS8Uint = 0x14,
-        D24Unorm = 0x15,
-        S8UintD24Unorm = 0x16,
+        Zf32 = 0xa,
+        Z16 = 0x13,
+        Z24S8 = 0x14,
+        X8Z24 = 0x15,
+        S8Z24 = 0x16,
         S8Uint = 0x17,
-        D32FloatS8Uint = 0x19,
+        Zf32X24S8 = 0x19,
     }
 
     static class ZetaFormatConverter
@@ -29,14 +29,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Engine.Types
             return format switch
             {
 #pragma warning disable IDE0055 // Disable formatting
-                ZetaFormat.D32Float          => new FormatInfo(Format.D32Float,       1, 1, 4, 1),
-                ZetaFormat.D16Unorm          => new FormatInfo(Format.D16Unorm,       1, 1, 2, 1),
-                ZetaFormat.D24UnormS8Uint    => new FormatInfo(Format.D24UnormS8Uint, 1, 1, 4, 2),
-                ZetaFormat.D24Unorm          => new FormatInfo(Format.D24UnormS8Uint, 1, 1, 4, 1),
-                ZetaFormat.S8UintD24Unorm    => new FormatInfo(Format.S8UintD24Unorm, 1, 1, 4, 2),
-                ZetaFormat.S8Uint            => new FormatInfo(Format.S8Uint,         1, 1, 1, 1),
-                ZetaFormat.D32FloatS8Uint    => new FormatInfo(Format.D32FloatS8Uint, 1, 1, 8, 2),
-                _                            => FormatInfo.Default,
+                ZetaFormat.Zf32      => new FormatInfo(Format.D32Float,       1, 1, 4, 1),
+                ZetaFormat.Z16       => new FormatInfo(Format.D16Unorm,       1, 1, 2, 1),
+                ZetaFormat.Z24S8     => new FormatInfo(Format.D24UnormS8Uint, 1, 1, 4, 2),
+                ZetaFormat.X8Z24     => new FormatInfo(Format.X8UintD24Unorm, 1, 1, 4, 1),
+                ZetaFormat.S8Z24     => new FormatInfo(Format.S8UintD24Unorm, 1, 1, 4, 2),
+                ZetaFormat.S8Uint    => new FormatInfo(Format.S8Uint,         1, 1, 1, 1),
+                ZetaFormat.Zf32X24S8 => new FormatInfo(Format.D32FloatS8Uint, 1, 1, 8, 2),
+                _                    => FormatInfo.Default,
 #pragma warning restore IDE0055
             };
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Image/FormatTable.cs

@@ -185,6 +185,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
             G24R8RUintGUnormBUnormAUnorm     = G24R8             | RUint  | GUnorm | BUnorm | AUnorm,        // 0x24a0e
             Z24S8RUintGUnormBUnormAUnorm     = Z24S8             | RUint  | GUnorm | BUnorm | AUnorm,        // 0x24a29
             Z24S8RUintGUnormBUintAUint       = Z24S8             | RUint  | GUnorm | BUint  | AUint,         // 0x48a29
+            X8Z24RUnormGUintBUintAUint       = X8Z24             | RUnorm | GUint  | BUint  | AUint,         // 0x4912a
             S8Z24RUnormGUintBUintAUint       = S8Z24             | RUnorm | GUint  | BUint  | AUint,         // 0x4912b
             R32B24G8RFloatGUintBUnormAUnorm  = R32B24G8          | RFloat | GUint  | BUnorm | AUnorm,        // 0x25385
             Zf32X24S8RFloatGUintBUnormAUnorm = Zf32X24S8         | RFloat | GUint  | BUnorm | AUnorm,        // 0x253b0
@@ -410,6 +411,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
             { TextureFormat.G24R8RUintGUnormBUnormAUnorm,     new FormatInfo(Format.D24UnormS8Uint,    1,  1,  4,  2) },
             { TextureFormat.Z24S8RUintGUnormBUnormAUnorm,     new FormatInfo(Format.D24UnormS8Uint,    1,  1,  4,  2) },
             { TextureFormat.Z24S8RUintGUnormBUintAUint,       new FormatInfo(Format.D24UnormS8Uint,    1,  1,  4,  2) },
+            { TextureFormat.X8Z24RUnormGUintBUintAUint,       new FormatInfo(Format.X8UintD24Unorm,    1,  1,  4,  2) },
             { TextureFormat.S8Z24RUnormGUintBUintAUint,       new FormatInfo(Format.S8UintD24Unorm,    1,  1,  4,  2) },
             { TextureFormat.R32B24G8RFloatGUintBUnormAUnorm,  new FormatInfo(Format.D32FloatS8Uint,    1,  1,  8,  2) },
             { TextureFormat.Zf32X24S8RFloatGUintBUnormAUnorm, new FormatInfo(Format.D32FloatS8Uint,    1,  1,  8,  2) },
@@ -672,9 +674,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
                 {
                     1 => new FormatInfo(Format.R8Unorm, 1, 1, 1, 1),
                     2 => new FormatInfo(Format.R16Unorm, 1, 1, 2, 1),
-                    4 => new FormatInfo(Format.R32Float, 1, 1, 4, 1),
-                    8 => new FormatInfo(Format.R32G32Float, 1, 1, 8, 2),
-                    16 => new FormatInfo(Format.R32G32B32A32Float, 1, 1, 16, 4),
+                    4 => new FormatInfo(Format.R32Uint, 1, 1, 4, 1),
+                    8 => new FormatInfo(Format.R32G32Uint, 1, 1, 8, 2),
+                    16 => new FormatInfo(Format.R32G32B32A32Uint, 1, 1, 16, 4),
                     _ => format,
                 };
             }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Image/TextureBindingsManager.cs

@@ -634,7 +634,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
                         state.Texture = hostTextureRebind;
                         state.ImageFormat = format;
 
-                        _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetImage(bindingInfo.Binding, hostTextureRebind, format);
+                        _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetImage(stage, bindingInfo.Binding, hostTextureRebind, format);
                     }
 
                     continue;
@@ -692,7 +692,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
 
                         state.ImageFormat = format;
 
-                        _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetImage(bindingInfo.Binding, hostTexture, format);
+                        _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetImage(stage, bindingInfo.Binding, hostTexture, format);
                     }
 
                     state.CachedTexture = texture;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Image/TextureCompatibility.cs

@@ -242,7 +242,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Image
                     return TextureMatchQuality.FormatAlias;
                 }
                 else if ((lhs.FormatInfo.Format == Format.D24UnormS8Uint ||
-                          lhs.FormatInfo.Format == Format.S8UintD24Unorm) && rhs.FormatInfo.Format == Format.B8G8R8A8Unorm)
+                          lhs.FormatInfo.Format == Format.S8UintD24Unorm ||
+                          lhs.FormatInfo.Format == Format.X8UintD24Unorm) && rhs.FormatInfo.Format == Format.B8G8R8A8Unorm)
                 {
                     return TextureMatchQuality.FormatAlias;
                 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/Buffer.cs

@@ -5,6 +5,8 @@ using Ryujinx.Memory.Tracking;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Threading;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 {
@@ -65,6 +67,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         private readonly Action<ulong, ulong> _loadDelegate;
         private readonly Action<ulong, ulong> _modifiedDelegate;
 
+        private HashSet<MultiRangeBuffer> _virtualDependencies;
+        private readonly ReaderWriterLockSlim _virtualDependenciesLock;
+
         private int _sequenceNumber;
 
         private readonly bool _useGranular;
@@ -152,6 +157,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             _externalFlushDelegate = new RegionSignal(ExternalFlush);
             _loadDelegate = new Action<ulong, ulong>(LoadRegion);
             _modifiedDelegate = new Action<ulong, ulong>(RegionModified);
+
+            _virtualDependenciesLock = new ReaderWriterLockSlim();
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -220,6 +227,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// </remarks>
         /// <param name="address">Start address of the range to synchronize</param>
         /// <param name="size">Size in bytes of the range to synchronize</param>
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
         public void SynchronizeMemory(ulong address, ulong size)
         {
             if (_useGranular)
@@ -239,6 +247,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                     else
                     {
                         _context.Renderer.SetBufferData(Handle, 0, _physicalMemory.GetSpan(Address, (int)Size));
+                        CopyToDependantVirtualBuffers();
                     }
 
                     _sequenceNumber = _context.SequenceNumber;
@@ -460,6 +469,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             int offset = (int)(mAddress - Address);
 
             _context.Renderer.SetBufferData(Handle, offset, _physicalMemory.GetSpan(mAddress, (int)mSize));
+
+            CopyToDependantVirtualBuffers(mAddress, mSize);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -520,6 +531,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// <param name="dstOffset">The offset of the destination buffer to copy into</param>
         public void CopyTo(Buffer destination, int dstOffset)
         {
+            CopyFromDependantVirtualBuffers();
             _context.Renderer.Pipeline.CopyBuffer(Handle, destination.Handle, 0, dstOffset, (int)Size);
         }
 
@@ -536,7 +548,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             using PinnedSpan<byte> data = _context.Renderer.GetBufferData(Handle, offset, (int)size);
 
             // TODO: When write tracking shaders, they will need to be aware of changes in overlapping buffers.
-            _physicalMemory.WriteUntracked(address, data.Get());
+            _physicalMemory.WriteUntracked(address, CopyFromDependantVirtualBuffers(data.Get(), address, size));
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -617,6 +629,207 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             UnmappedSequence++;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds a virtual buffer dependency, indicating that a virtual buffer depends on data from this buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="virtualBuffer">Dependant virtual buffer</param>
+        public void AddVirtualDependency(MultiRangeBuffer virtualBuffer)
+        {
+            _virtualDependenciesLock.EnterWriteLock();
+
+            try
+            {
+                (_virtualDependencies ??= new()).Add(virtualBuffer);
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                _virtualDependenciesLock.ExitWriteLock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Removes a virtual buffer dependency, indicating that a virtual buffer no longer depends on data from this buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="virtualBuffer">Dependant virtual buffer</param>
+        public void RemoveVirtualDependency(MultiRangeBuffer virtualBuffer)
+        {
+            _virtualDependenciesLock.EnterWriteLock();
+
+            try
+            {
+                if (_virtualDependencies != null)
+                {
+                    _virtualDependencies.Remove(virtualBuffer);
+
+                    if (_virtualDependencies.Count == 0)
+                    {
+                        _virtualDependencies = null;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                _virtualDependenciesLock.ExitWriteLock();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Copies the buffer data to all virtual buffers that depends on it.
+        /// </summary>
+        public void CopyToDependantVirtualBuffers()
+        {
+            CopyToDependantVirtualBuffers(Address, Size);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Copies the buffer data inside the specifide range to all virtual buffers that depends on it.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="address">Address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        public void CopyToDependantVirtualBuffers(ulong address, ulong size)
+        {
+            if (_virtualDependencies != null)
+            {
+                foreach (var virtualBuffer in _virtualDependencies)
+                {
+                    CopyToDependantVirtualBuffer(virtualBuffer, address, size);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Copies all modified ranges from all virtual buffers back into this buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        public void CopyFromDependantVirtualBuffers()
+        {
+            if (_virtualDependencies != null)
+            {
+                CopyFromDependantVirtualBuffersImpl();
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Copies all modified ranges from all virtual buffers back into this buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.NoInlining)]
+        private void CopyFromDependantVirtualBuffersImpl()
+        {
+            foreach (var virtualBuffer in _virtualDependencies.OrderBy(x => x.ModificationSequenceNumber))
+            {
+                virtualBuffer.ConsumeModifiedRegion(this, (mAddress, mSize) =>
+                {
+                    // Get offset inside both this and the virtual buffer.
+                    // Note that sometimes there is no right answer for the virtual offset,
+                    // as the same physical range might be mapped multiple times inside a virtual buffer.
+                    // We just assume it does not happen in practice as it can only be implemented correctly
+                    // when the host has support for proper sparse mapping.
+
+                    ulong mEndAddress = mAddress + mSize;
+                    mAddress = Math.Max(mAddress, Address);
+                    mSize = Math.Min(mEndAddress, EndAddress) - mAddress;
+
+                    int physicalOffset = (int)(mAddress - Address);
+                    int virtualOffset = virtualBuffer.Range.FindOffset(new(mAddress, mSize));
+
+                    _context.Renderer.Pipeline.CopyBuffer(virtualBuffer.Handle, Handle, virtualOffset, physicalOffset, (int)mSize);
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Copies all overlapping modified ranges from all virtual buffers back into this buffer, and returns an updated span with the data.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="dataSpan">Span where the unmodified data will be taken from for the output</param>
+        /// <param name="address">Address of the region to copy</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the region to copy in bytes</param>
+        /// <returns>A span with <paramref name="dataSpan"/>, and the data for all modified ranges if any</returns>
+        private ReadOnlySpan<byte> CopyFromDependantVirtualBuffers(ReadOnlySpan<byte> dataSpan, ulong address, ulong size)
+        {
+            _virtualDependenciesLock.EnterReadLock();
+
+            try
+            {
+                if (_virtualDependencies != null)
+                {
+                    byte[] storage = dataSpan.ToArray();
+
+                    foreach (var virtualBuffer in _virtualDependencies.OrderBy(x => x.ModificationSequenceNumber))
+                    {
+                        virtualBuffer.ConsumeModifiedRegion(address, size, (mAddress, mSize) =>
+                        {
+                            // Get offset inside both this and the virtual buffer.
+                            // Note that sometimes there is no right answer for the virtual offset,
+                            // as the same physical range might be mapped multiple times inside a virtual buffer.
+                            // We just assume it does not happen in practice as it can only be implemented correctly
+                            // when the host has support for proper sparse mapping.
+
+                            ulong mEndAddress = mAddress + mSize;
+                            mAddress = Math.Max(mAddress, address);
+                            mSize = Math.Min(mEndAddress, address + size) - mAddress;
+
+                            int physicalOffset = (int)(mAddress - Address);
+                            int virtualOffset = virtualBuffer.Range.FindOffset(new(mAddress, mSize));
+
+                            _context.Renderer.Pipeline.CopyBuffer(virtualBuffer.Handle, Handle, virtualOffset, physicalOffset, (int)size);
+                            virtualBuffer.GetData(storage.AsSpan().Slice((int)(mAddress - address), (int)mSize), virtualOffset, (int)mSize);
+                        });
+                    }
+
+                    dataSpan = storage;
+                }
+            }
+            finally
+            {
+                _virtualDependenciesLock.ExitReadLock();
+            }
+
+            return dataSpan;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Copies the buffer data to the specified virtual buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="virtualBuffer">Virtual buffer to copy the data into</param>
+        public void CopyToDependantVirtualBuffer(MultiRangeBuffer virtualBuffer)
+        {
+            CopyToDependantVirtualBuffer(virtualBuffer, Address, Size);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Copies the buffer data inside the given range to the specified virtual buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="virtualBuffer">Virtual buffer to copy the data into</param>
+        /// <param name="address">Address of the range</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        public void CopyToDependantVirtualBuffer(MultiRangeBuffer virtualBuffer, ulong address, ulong size)
+        {
+            // Broadcast data to all ranges of the virtual buffer that are contained inside this buffer.
+
+            ulong lastOffset = 0;
+
+            while (virtualBuffer.TryGetPhysicalOffset(this, lastOffset, out ulong srcOffset, out ulong dstOffset, out ulong copySize))
+            {
+                ulong innerOffset = address - Address;
+                ulong innerEndOffset = (address + size) - Address;
+
+                lastOffset = dstOffset + copySize;
+
+                // Clamp range to the specified range.
+                ulong copySrcOffset = Math.Max(srcOffset, innerOffset);
+                ulong copySrcEndOffset = Math.Min(innerEndOffset, srcOffset + copySize);
+
+                if (copySrcEndOffset > copySrcOffset)
+                {
+                    copySize = copySrcEndOffset - copySrcOffset;
+                    dstOffset += copySrcOffset - srcOffset;
+                    srcOffset = copySrcOffset;
+
+                    _context.Renderer.Pipeline.CopyBuffer(Handle, virtualBuffer.Handle, (int)srcOffset, (int)dstOffset, (int)copySize);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Increments the buffer reference count.
         /// </summary>

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/BufferCache.cs

@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Memory.Range;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 {
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         private readonly Dictionary<ulong, BufferCacheEntry> _dirtyCache;
         private readonly Dictionary<ulong, BufferCacheEntry> _modifiedCache;
         private bool _pruneCaches;
+        private int _virtualModifiedSequenceNumber;
 
         public event Action NotifyBuffersModified;
 
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Performs address translation of the GPU virtual address, and creates
-        /// new buffers, if needed, for the specified range.
+        /// new physical and virtual buffers, if needed, for the specified range.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="memoryManager">GPU memory manager where the buffer is mapped</param>
         /// <param name="gpuVa">Start GPU virtual address of the buffer</param>
@@ -138,12 +140,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                 return new MultiRange(MemoryManager.PteUnmapped, size);
             }
 
-            bool supportsSparse = _context.Capabilities.SupportsSparseBuffer;
-
             // Fast path not taken for non-contiguous ranges,
             // since multi-range buffers are not coalesced, so a buffer that covers
             // the entire cached range might not actually exist.
-            if (memoryManager.VirtualBufferCache.TryGetOrAddRange(gpuVa, size, supportsSparse, out MultiRange range) &&
+            if (memoryManager.VirtualRangeCache.TryGetOrAddRange(gpuVa, size, out MultiRange range) &&
                 range.Count == 1)
             {
                 return range;
@@ -154,6 +154,50 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             return range;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Performs address translation of the GPU virtual address, and creates
+        /// new physical buffers, if needed, for the specified range.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="memoryManager">GPU memory manager where the buffer is mapped</param>
+        /// <param name="gpuVa">Start GPU virtual address of the buffer</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size in bytes of the buffer</param>
+        /// <returns>Physical ranges of the buffer, after address translation</returns>
+        public MultiRange TranslateAndCreateMultiBuffersPhysicalOnly(MemoryManager memoryManager, ulong gpuVa, ulong size)
+        {
+            if (gpuVa == 0)
+            {
+                return new MultiRange(MemoryManager.PteUnmapped, size);
+            }
+
+            // Fast path not taken for non-contiguous ranges,
+            // since multi-range buffers are not coalesced, so a buffer that covers
+            // the entire cached range might not actually exist.
+            if (memoryManager.VirtualRangeCache.TryGetOrAddRange(gpuVa, size, out MultiRange range) &&
+                range.Count == 1)
+            {
+                return range;
+            }
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < range.Count; i++)
+            {
+                MemoryRange subRange = range.GetSubRange(i);
+
+                if (subRange.Address != MemoryManager.PteUnmapped)
+                {
+                    if (range.Count > 1)
+                    {
+                        CreateBuffer(subRange.Address, subRange.Size, SparseBufferAlignmentSize);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        CreateBuffer(subRange.Address, subRange.Size);
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return range;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new buffer for the specified range, if it does not yet exist.
         /// This can be used to ensure the existance of a buffer.
@@ -263,41 +307,108 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                 }
             }
 
-            BufferRange[] storages = new BufferRange[range.Count];
+            MultiRangeBuffer multiRangeBuffer;
+
             MemoryRange[] alignedSubRanges = new MemoryRange[range.Count];
 
             ulong alignmentMask = SparseBufferAlignmentSize - 1;
 
-            for (int i = 0; i < range.Count; i++)
+            if (_context.Capabilities.SupportsSparseBuffer)
             {
-                MemoryRange subRange = range.GetSubRange(i);
+                BufferRange[] storages = new BufferRange[range.Count];
+
+                for (int i = 0; i < range.Count; i++)
+                {
+                    MemoryRange subRange = range.GetSubRange(i);
+
+                    if (subRange.Address != MemoryManager.PteUnmapped)
+                    {
+                        ulong endAddress = subRange.Address + subRange.Size;
+
+                        ulong alignedAddress = subRange.Address & ~alignmentMask;
+                        ulong alignedEndAddress = (endAddress + alignmentMask) & ~alignmentMask;
+                        ulong alignedSize = alignedEndAddress - alignedAddress;
+
+                        Buffer buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(alignedAddress, alignedSize);
+                        BufferRange bufferRange = buffer.GetRange(alignedAddress, alignedSize, false);
+
+                        alignedSubRanges[i] = new MemoryRange(alignedAddress, alignedSize);
+                        storages[i] = bufferRange;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        ulong alignedSize = (subRange.Size + alignmentMask) & ~alignmentMask;
+
+                        alignedSubRanges[i] = new MemoryRange(MemoryManager.PteUnmapped, alignedSize);
+                        storages[i] = new BufferRange(BufferHandle.Null, 0, (int)alignedSize);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                multiRangeBuffer = new(_context, new MultiRange(alignedSubRanges), storages);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < range.Count; i++)
+                {
+                    MemoryRange subRange = range.GetSubRange(i);
+
+                    if (subRange.Address != MemoryManager.PteUnmapped)
+                    {
+                        ulong endAddress = subRange.Address + subRange.Size;
+
+                        ulong alignedAddress = subRange.Address & ~alignmentMask;
+                        ulong alignedEndAddress = (endAddress + alignmentMask) & ~alignmentMask;
+                        ulong alignedSize = alignedEndAddress - alignedAddress;
+
+                        alignedSubRanges[i] = new MemoryRange(alignedAddress, alignedSize);
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        ulong alignedSize = (subRange.Size + alignmentMask) & ~alignmentMask;
+
+                        alignedSubRanges[i] = new MemoryRange(MemoryManager.PteUnmapped, alignedSize);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                multiRangeBuffer = new(_context, new MultiRange(alignedSubRanges));
+
+                UpdateVirtualBufferDependencies(multiRangeBuffer);
+            }
+
+            _multiRangeBuffers.Add(multiRangeBuffer);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds two-way dependencies to all physical buffers contained within a given virtual buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="virtualBuffer">Virtual buffer to have dependencies added</param>
+        private void UpdateVirtualBufferDependencies(MultiRangeBuffer virtualBuffer)
+        {
+            virtualBuffer.ClearPhysicalDependencies();
+
+            ulong dstOffset = 0;
+
+            HashSet<Buffer> physicalBuffers = new();
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < virtualBuffer.Range.Count; i++)
+            {
+                MemoryRange subRange = virtualBuffer.Range.GetSubRange(i);
 
                 if (subRange.Address != MemoryManager.PteUnmapped)
                 {
-                    ulong endAddress = subRange.Address + subRange.Size;
+                    Buffer buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(subRange.Address, subRange.Size);
 
-                    ulong alignedAddress = subRange.Address & ~alignmentMask;
-                    ulong alignedEndAddress = (endAddress + alignmentMask) & ~alignmentMask;
-                    ulong alignedSize = alignedEndAddress - alignedAddress;
-
-                    Buffer buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(alignedAddress, alignedSize);
-                    BufferRange bufferRange = buffer.GetRange(alignedAddress, alignedSize, false);
-
-                    storages[i] = bufferRange;
-                    alignedSubRanges[i] = new MemoryRange(alignedAddress, alignedSize);
+                    virtualBuffer.AddPhysicalDependency(buffer, subRange.Address, dstOffset, subRange.Size);
+                    physicalBuffers.Add(buffer);
                 }
-                else
-                {
-                    ulong alignedSize = (subRange.Size + alignmentMask) & ~alignmentMask;
 
-                    storages[i] = new BufferRange(BufferHandle.Null, 0, (int)alignedSize);
-                    alignedSubRanges[i] = new MemoryRange(MemoryManager.PteUnmapped, alignedSize);
-                }
+                dstOffset += subRange.Size;
             }
 
-            MultiRangeBuffer multiRangeBuffer = new(_context, new MultiRange(alignedSubRanges), storages);
-
-            _multiRangeBuffers.Add(multiRangeBuffer);
+            foreach (var buffer in physicalBuffers)
+            {
+                buffer.CopyToDependantVirtualBuffer(virtualBuffer);
+            }
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -620,8 +731,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// <param name="size">Size in bytes of the copy</param>
         public void CopyBuffer(MemoryManager memoryManager, ulong srcVa, ulong dstVa, ulong size)
         {
-            MultiRange srcRange = TranslateAndCreateMultiBuffers(memoryManager, srcVa, size);
-            MultiRange dstRange = TranslateAndCreateMultiBuffers(memoryManager, dstVa, size);
+            MultiRange srcRange = TranslateAndCreateMultiBuffersPhysicalOnly(memoryManager, srcVa, size);
+            MultiRange dstRange = TranslateAndCreateMultiBuffersPhysicalOnly(memoryManager, dstVa, size);
 
             if (srcRange.Count == 1 && dstRange.Count == 1)
             {
@@ -701,6 +812,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                 dstBuffer.ClearModified(dstAddress, size);
                 memoryManager.Physical.WriteTrackedResource(dstAddress, memoryManager.Physical.GetSpan(srcAddress, (int)size), ResourceKind.Buffer);
             }
+
+            dstBuffer.CopyToDependantVirtualBuffers(dstAddress, size);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -715,7 +828,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// <param name="value">Value to be written into the buffer</param>
         public void ClearBuffer(MemoryManager memoryManager, ulong gpuVa, ulong size, uint value)
         {
-            MultiRange range = TranslateAndCreateMultiBuffers(memoryManager, gpuVa, size);
+            MultiRange range = TranslateAndCreateMultiBuffersPhysicalOnly(memoryManager, gpuVa, size);
 
             for (int index = 0; index < range.Count; index++)
             {
@@ -727,6 +840,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                 _context.Renderer.Pipeline.ClearBuffer(buffer.Handle, offset, (int)subRange.Size, value);
 
                 memoryManager.Physical.FillTrackedResource(subRange.Address, subRange.Size, value, ResourceKind.Buffer);
+
+                buffer.CopyToDependantVirtualBuffers(subRange.Address, subRange.Size);
             }
         }
 
@@ -806,6 +921,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                 }
             }
 
+            if (write && buffer != null && !_context.Capabilities.SupportsSparseBuffer)
+            {
+                buffer.AddModifiedRegion(range, ++_virtualModifiedSequenceNumber);
+            }
+
             return buffer;
         }
 
@@ -825,6 +945,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             {
                 buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(address, size);
 
+                buffer.CopyFromDependantVirtualBuffers();
                 buffer.SynchronizeMemory(address, size);
 
                 if (write)
@@ -849,14 +970,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             if (range.Count == 1)
             {
                 MemoryRange subRange = range.GetSubRange(0);
-                SynchronizeBufferRange(subRange.Address, subRange.Size);
+                SynchronizeBufferRange(subRange.Address, subRange.Size, copyBackVirtual: true);
             }
             else
             {
                 for (int index = 0; index < range.Count; index++)
                 {
                     MemoryRange subRange = range.GetSubRange(index);
-                    SynchronizeBufferRange(subRange.Address, subRange.Size);
+                    SynchronizeBufferRange(subRange.Address, subRange.Size, copyBackVirtual: false);
                 }
             }
         }
@@ -866,12 +987,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="address">Start address of the memory range</param>
         /// <param name="size">Size in bytes of the memory range</param>
-        private void SynchronizeBufferRange(ulong address, ulong size)
+        /// <param name="copyBackVirtual">Whether virtual buffers that uses this buffer as backing memory should have its data copied back if modified</param>
+        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
+        private void SynchronizeBufferRange(ulong address, ulong size, bool copyBackVirtual)
         {
             if (size != 0)
             {
                 Buffer buffer = _buffers.FindFirstOverlap(address, size);
 
+                if (copyBackVirtual)
+                {
+                    buffer.CopyFromDependantVirtualBuffers();
+                }
+
                 buffer.SynchronizeMemory(address, size);
             }
         }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/BufferManager.cs

@@ -484,7 +484,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 
                     if (binding.IsImage)
                     {
-                        _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetImage(binding.BindingInfo.Binding, binding.Texture, binding.Format);
+                        _context.Renderer.Pipeline.SetImage(binding.Stage, binding.BindingInfo.Binding, binding.Texture, binding.Format);
                     }
                     else
                     {

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/MemoryManager.cs

@@ -40,9 +40,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         internal PhysicalMemory Physical { get; }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Virtual buffer cache.
+        /// Virtual range cache.
         /// </summary>
-        internal VirtualBufferCache VirtualBufferCache { get; }
+        internal VirtualRangeCache VirtualRangeCache { get; }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Cache of GPU counters.
@@ -56,12 +56,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         internal MemoryManager(PhysicalMemory physicalMemory)
         {
             Physical = physicalMemory;
-            VirtualBufferCache = new VirtualBufferCache(this);
+            VirtualRangeCache = new VirtualRangeCache(this);
             CounterCache = new CounterCache();
             _pageTable = new ulong[PtLvl0Size][];
             MemoryUnmapped += Physical.TextureCache.MemoryUnmappedHandler;
             MemoryUnmapped += Physical.BufferCache.MemoryUnmappedHandler;
-            MemoryUnmapped += VirtualBufferCache.MemoryUnmappedHandler;
+            MemoryUnmapped += VirtualRangeCache.MemoryUnmappedHandler;
             MemoryUnmapped += CounterCache.MemoryUnmappedHandler;
         }
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/MultiRangeBuffer.cs

@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Ryujinx.Memory.Range;
 using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 {
@@ -21,12 +22,73 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// </summary>
         public MultiRange Range { get; }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Ever increasing counter value indicating when the buffer was modified relative to other buffers.
+        /// </summary>
+        public int ModificationSequenceNumber { get; private set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Physical buffer dependency entry.
+        /// </summary>
+        private readonly struct PhysicalDependency
+        {
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Physical buffer.
+            /// </summary>
+            public readonly Buffer PhysicalBuffer;
+
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Offset of the range on the physical buffer.
+            /// </summary>
+            public readonly ulong PhysicalOffset;
+
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Offset of the range on the virtual buffer.
+            /// </summary>
+            public readonly ulong VirtualOffset;
+
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Size of the range.
+            /// </summary>
+            public readonly ulong Size;
+
+            /// <summary>
+            /// Creates a new physical dependency.
+            /// </summary>
+            /// <param name="physicalBuffer">Physical buffer</param>
+            /// <param name="physicalOffset">Offset of the range on the physical buffer</param>
+            /// <param name="virtualOffset">Offset of the range on the virtual buffer</param>
+            /// <param name="size">Size of the range</param>
+            public PhysicalDependency(Buffer physicalBuffer, ulong physicalOffset, ulong virtualOffset, ulong size)
+            {
+                PhysicalBuffer = physicalBuffer;
+                PhysicalOffset = physicalOffset;
+                VirtualOffset = virtualOffset;
+                Size = size;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private List<PhysicalDependency> _dependencies;
+        private BufferModifiedRangeList _modifiedRanges = null;
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Creates a new instance of the buffer.
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="context">GPU context that the buffer belongs to</param>
         /// <param name="range">Range of memory where the data is mapped</param>
-        /// <param name="storages">Backing memory for the buffers</param>
+        public MultiRangeBuffer(GpuContext context, MultiRange range)
+        {
+            _context = context;
+            Range = range;
+            Handle = context.Renderer.CreateBuffer((int)range.GetSize());
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Creates a new instance of the buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="context">GPU context that the buffer belongs to</param>
+        /// <param name="range">Range of memory where the data is mapped</param>
+        /// <param name="storages">Backing memory for the buffer</param>
         public MultiRangeBuffer(GpuContext context, MultiRange range, ReadOnlySpan<BufferRange> storages)
         {
             _context = context;
@@ -49,11 +111,134 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             return new BufferRange(Handle, offset, (int)range.GetSize());
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Removes all physical buffer dependencies.
+        /// </summary>
+        public void ClearPhysicalDependencies()
+        {
+            _dependencies?.Clear();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds a physical buffer dependency.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="buffer">Physical buffer to be added</param>
+        /// <param name="rangeAddress">Address inside the physical buffer where the virtual buffer range is located</param>
+        /// <param name="dstOffset">Offset inside the virtual buffer where the physical range is located</param>
+        /// <param name="rangeSize">Size of the range in bytes</param>
+        public void AddPhysicalDependency(Buffer buffer, ulong rangeAddress, ulong dstOffset, ulong rangeSize)
+        {
+            (_dependencies ??= new()).Add(new(buffer, rangeAddress - buffer.Address, dstOffset, rangeSize));
+            buffer.AddVirtualDependency(this);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Tries to get the physical range corresponding to the given physical buffer.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="buffer">Physical buffer</param>
+        /// <param name="minimumVirtOffset">Minimum virtual offset that a range match can have</param>
+        /// <param name="physicalOffset">Physical offset of the match</param>
+        /// <param name="virtualOffset">Virtual offset of the match, always greater than or equal <paramref name="minimumVirtOffset"/></param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the range match</param>
+        /// <returns>True if a match was found for the given parameters, false otherwise</returns>
+        public bool TryGetPhysicalOffset(Buffer buffer, ulong minimumVirtOffset, out ulong physicalOffset, out ulong virtualOffset, out ulong size)
+        {
+            physicalOffset = 0;
+            virtualOffset = 0;
+            size = 0;
+
+            if (_dependencies != null)
+            {
+                foreach (var dependency in _dependencies)
+                {
+                    if (dependency.PhysicalBuffer == buffer && dependency.VirtualOffset >= minimumVirtOffset)
+                    {
+                        physicalOffset = dependency.PhysicalOffset;
+                        virtualOffset = dependency.VirtualOffset;
+                        size = dependency.Size;
+
+                        return true;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Adds a modified virtual memory range.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <remarks>
+        /// This is only required when the host does not support sparse buffers, otherwise only physical buffers need to track modification.
+        /// </remarks>
+        /// <param name="range">Modified range</param>
+        /// <param name="modifiedSequenceNumber">ModificationSequenceNumber</param>
+        public void AddModifiedRegion(MultiRange range, int modifiedSequenceNumber)
+        {
+            _modifiedRanges ??= new(_context, null, null);
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < range.Count; i++)
+            {
+                MemoryRange subRange = range.GetSubRange(i);
+
+                _modifiedRanges.SignalModified(subRange.Address, subRange.Size);
+            }
+
+            ModificationSequenceNumber = modifiedSequenceNumber;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Calls the specified <paramref name="rangeAction"/> for all modified ranges that overlaps with <paramref name="buffer"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="buffer">Buffer to have its range checked</param>
+        /// <param name="rangeAction">Action to perform for modified ranges</param>
+        public void ConsumeModifiedRegion(Buffer buffer, Action<ulong, ulong> rangeAction)
+        {
+            ConsumeModifiedRegion(buffer.Address, buffer.Size, rangeAction);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Calls the specified <paramref name="rangeAction"/> for all modified ranges that overlaps with <paramref name="address"/> and <paramref name="size"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="address">Address of the region to consume</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the region to consume</param>
+        /// <param name="rangeAction">Action to perform for modified ranges</param>
+        public void ConsumeModifiedRegion(ulong address, ulong size, Action<ulong, ulong> rangeAction)
+        {
+            if (_modifiedRanges != null)
+            {
+                _modifiedRanges.GetRanges(address, size, rangeAction);
+                _modifiedRanges.Clear(address, size);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Gets data from the specified region of the buffer, and places it on <paramref name="output"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        /// <param name="output">Span to put the data into</param>
+        /// <param name="offset">Offset of the buffer to get the data from</param>
+        /// <param name="size">Size of the data in bytes</param>
+        public void GetData(Span<byte> output, int offset, int size)
+        {
+            using PinnedSpan<byte> data = _context.Renderer.GetBufferData(Handle, offset, size);
+            data.Get().CopyTo(output);
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Disposes the host buffer.
         /// </summary>
         public void Dispose()
         {
+            if (_dependencies != null)
+            {
+                foreach (var dependency in _dependencies)
+                {
+                    dependency.PhysicalBuffer.RemoveVirtualDependency(this);
+                }
+
+                _dependencies = null;
+            }
+
             _context.Renderer.DeleteBuffer(Handle);
         }
     }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu/Memory/VirtualRangeCache.cs

@@ -6,9 +6,9 @@ using System.Threading;
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
 {
     /// <summary>
-    /// Virtual buffer cache.
+    /// Virtual range cache.
     /// </summary>
-    class VirtualBufferCache
+    class VirtualRangeCache
     {
         private readonly MemoryManager _memoryManager;
 
@@ -68,10 +68,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         private int _hasDeferredUnmaps;
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Creates a new instance of the virtual buffer cache.
+        /// Creates a new instance of the virtual range cache.
         /// </summary>
-        /// <param name="memoryManager">Memory manager that the virtual buffer cache belongs to</param>
-        public VirtualBufferCache(MemoryManager memoryManager)
+        /// <param name="memoryManager">Memory manager that the virtual range cache belongs to</param>
+        public VirtualRangeCache(MemoryManager memoryManager)
         {
             _memoryManager = memoryManager;
             _virtualRanges = new RangeList<VirtualRange>();
@@ -102,10 +102,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
         /// </summary>
         /// <param name="gpuVa">GPU virtual address to get the physical range from</param>
         /// <param name="size">Size in bytes of the region</param>
-        /// <param name="supportsSparse">Indicates host support for sparse buffer mapping of non-contiguous ranges</param>
         /// <param name="range">Physical range for the specified GPU virtual region</param>
         /// <returns>True if the range already existed, false if a new one was created and added</returns>
-        public bool TryGetOrAddRange(ulong gpuVa, ulong size, bool supportsSparse, out MultiRange range)
+        public bool TryGetOrAddRange(ulong gpuVa, ulong size, out MultiRange range)
         {
             VirtualRange[] overlaps = _virtualRangeOverlaps;
             int overlapsCount;
@@ -158,7 +157,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    found = true;
+                    found = overlap0.Range.Count == 1 || IsSparseAligned(overlap0.Range);
                     range = overlap0.Range.Slice(gpuVa - overlap0.Address, size);
                 }
             }
@@ -175,11 +174,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.Memory
             ShrinkOverlapsBufferIfNeeded();
 
             // If the the range is not properly aligned for sparse mapping,
-            // or if the host does not support sparse mapping, let's just
-            // force it to a single range.
+            // let's just force it to a single range.
             // This might cause issues in some applications that uses sparse
             // mappings.
-            if (!IsSparseAligned(range) || !supportsSparse)
+            if (!IsSparseAligned(range))
             {
                 range = new MultiRange(range.GetSubRange(0).Address, size);
             }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/FormatTable.cs

@@ -68,6 +68,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
             Add(Format.S8Uint,              new FormatInfo(1, false, false, All.StencilIndex8,     PixelFormat.StencilIndex,   PixelType.UnsignedByte));
             Add(Format.D16Unorm,            new FormatInfo(1, false, false, All.DepthComponent16,  PixelFormat.DepthComponent, PixelType.UnsignedShort));
             Add(Format.S8UintD24Unorm,      new FormatInfo(1, false, false, All.Depth24Stencil8,   PixelFormat.DepthStencil,   PixelType.UnsignedInt248));
+            Add(Format.X8UintD24Unorm,      new FormatInfo(1, false, false, All.DepthComponent24,  PixelFormat.DepthComponent, PixelType.UnsignedInt));
             Add(Format.D32Float,            new FormatInfo(1, false, false, All.DepthComponent32f, PixelFormat.DepthComponent, PixelType.Float));
             Add(Format.D24UnormS8Uint,      new FormatInfo(1, false, false, All.Depth24Stencil8,   PixelFormat.DepthStencil,   PixelType.UnsignedInt248));
             Add(Format.D32FloatS8Uint,      new FormatInfo(1, false, false, All.Depth32fStencil8,  PixelFormat.DepthStencil,   PixelType.Float32UnsignedInt248Rev));
@@ -224,5 +225,17 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
         {
             return _tableImage[(int)format];
         }
+
+        public static bool IsPackedDepthStencil(Format format)
+        {
+            return format == Format.D24UnormS8Uint ||
+                   format == Format.D32FloatS8Uint ||
+                   format == Format.S8UintD24Unorm;
+        }
+
+        public static bool IsDepthOnly(Format format)
+        {
+            return format == Format.D16Unorm || format == Format.D32Float || format == Format.X8UintD24Unorm;
+        }
     }
 }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Framebuffer.cs

@@ -119,11 +119,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
 
         private static FramebufferAttachment GetAttachment(Format format)
         {
-            if (IsPackedDepthStencilFormat(format))
+            if (FormatTable.IsPackedDepthStencil(format))
             {
                 return FramebufferAttachment.DepthStencilAttachment;
             }
-            else if (IsDepthOnlyFormat(format))
+            else if (FormatTable.IsDepthOnly(format))
             {
                 return FramebufferAttachment.DepthAttachment;
             }
@@ -133,18 +133,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
             }
         }
 
-        private static bool IsPackedDepthStencilFormat(Format format)
-        {
-            return format == Format.D24UnormS8Uint ||
-                   format == Format.D32FloatS8Uint ||
-                   format == Format.S8UintD24Unorm;
-        }
-
-        private static bool IsDepthOnlyFormat(Format format)
-        {
-            return format == Format.D16Unorm || format == Format.D32Float;
-        }
-
         public int GetColorLayerCount(int index)
         {
             return _colors[index]?.Info.GetDepthOrLayers() ?? 0;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Image/TextureCopy.cs

@@ -294,7 +294,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.Image
             {
                 return FramebufferAttachment.DepthStencilAttachment;
             }
-            else if (IsDepthOnly(format))
+            else if (FormatTable.IsDepthOnly(format))
             {
                 return FramebufferAttachment.DepthAttachment;
             }
@@ -324,11 +324,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.Image
 
         private static ClearBufferMask GetMask(Format format)
         {
-            if (format == Format.D24UnormS8Uint || format == Format.D32FloatS8Uint || format == Format.S8UintD24Unorm)
+            if (FormatTable.IsPackedDepthStencil(format))
             {
                 return ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit | ClearBufferMask.StencilBufferBit;
             }
-            else if (IsDepthOnly(format))
+            else if (FormatTable.IsDepthOnly(format))
             {
                 return ClearBufferMask.DepthBufferBit;
             }
@@ -342,11 +342,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.Image
             }
         }
 
-        private static bool IsDepthOnly(Format format)
-        {
-            return format == Format.D16Unorm || format == Format.D32Float;
-        }
-
         public TextureView BgraSwap(TextureView from)
         {
             TextureView to = (TextureView)_renderer.CreateTexture(from.Info);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Pipeline.cs

@@ -935,7 +935,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
             SetFrontFace(_frontFace = frontFace.Convert());
         }
 
-        public void SetImage(int binding, ITexture texture, Format imageFormat)
+        public void SetImage(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITexture texture, Format imageFormat)
         {
             if ((uint)binding < SavedImages)
             {
@@ -1117,7 +1117,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
                 prg.Bind();
             }
 
-            if (prg.HasFragmentShader && _fragmentOutputMap != (uint)prg.FragmentOutputMap)
+            if (_fragmentOutputMap != (uint)prg.FragmentOutputMap)
             {
                 _fragmentOutputMap = (uint)prg.FragmentOutputMap;
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL/Program.cs

@@ -30,7 +30,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
         private ProgramLinkStatus _status = ProgramLinkStatus.Incomplete;
         private int[] _shaderHandles;
 
-        public bool HasFragmentShader;
         public int FragmentOutputMap { get; }
 
         public Program(ShaderSource[] shaders, int fragmentOutputMap)
@@ -40,6 +39,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
             GL.ProgramParameter(Handle, ProgramParameterName.ProgramBinaryRetrievableHint, 1);
 
             _shaderHandles = new int[shaders.Length];
+            bool hasFragmentShader = false;
 
             for (int index = 0; index < shaders.Length; index++)
             {
@@ -47,7 +47,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
 
                 if (shader.Stage == ShaderStage.Fragment)
                 {
-                    HasFragmentShader = true;
+                    hasFragmentShader = true;
                 }
 
                 int shaderHandle = GL.CreateShader(shader.Stage.Convert());
@@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
 
             GL.LinkProgram(Handle);
 
-            FragmentOutputMap = fragmentOutputMap;
+            FragmentOutputMap = hasFragmentShader ? fragmentOutputMap : 0;
         }
 
         public Program(ReadOnlySpan<byte> code, bool hasFragmentShader, int fragmentOutputMap)
@@ -91,8 +91,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL
                 }
             }
 
-            HasFragmentShader = hasFragmentShader;
-            FragmentOutputMap = fragmentOutputMap;
+            FragmentOutputMap = hasFragmentShader ? fragmentOutputMap : 0;
         }
 
         public void Bind()

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/BarrierBatch.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,229 @@
+using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+
+namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
+{
+    internal class BarrierBatch : IDisposable
+    {
+        private const int MaxBarriersPerCall = 16;
+
+        private readonly VulkanRenderer _gd;
+
+        private readonly NativeArray<MemoryBarrier> _memoryBarrierBatch = new(MaxBarriersPerCall);
+        private readonly NativeArray<BufferMemoryBarrier> _bufferBarrierBatch = new(MaxBarriersPerCall);
+        private readonly NativeArray<ImageMemoryBarrier> _imageBarrierBatch = new(MaxBarriersPerCall);
+
+        private readonly List<BarrierWithStageFlags<MemoryBarrier>> _memoryBarriers = new();
+        private readonly List<BarrierWithStageFlags<BufferMemoryBarrier>> _bufferBarriers = new();
+        private readonly List<BarrierWithStageFlags<ImageMemoryBarrier>> _imageBarriers = new();
+        private int _queuedBarrierCount;
+
+        public BarrierBatch(VulkanRenderer gd)
+        {
+            _gd = gd;
+        }
+
+        private readonly record struct StageFlags : IEquatable<StageFlags>
+        {
+            public readonly PipelineStageFlags Source;
+            public readonly PipelineStageFlags Dest;
+
+            public StageFlags(PipelineStageFlags source, PipelineStageFlags dest)
+            {
+                Source = source;
+                Dest = dest;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private readonly struct BarrierWithStageFlags<T> where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            public readonly StageFlags Flags;
+            public readonly T Barrier;
+
+            public BarrierWithStageFlags(StageFlags flags, T barrier)
+            {
+                Flags = flags;
+                Barrier = barrier;
+            }
+
+            public BarrierWithStageFlags(PipelineStageFlags srcStageFlags, PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags, T barrier)
+            {
+                Flags = new StageFlags(srcStageFlags, dstStageFlags);
+                Barrier = barrier;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private void QueueBarrier<T>(List<BarrierWithStageFlags<T>> list, T barrier, PipelineStageFlags srcStageFlags, PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags) where T : unmanaged
+        {
+            list.Add(new BarrierWithStageFlags<T>(srcStageFlags, dstStageFlags, barrier));
+            _queuedBarrierCount++;
+        }
+
+        public void QueueBarrier(MemoryBarrier barrier, PipelineStageFlags srcStageFlags, PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags)
+        {
+            QueueBarrier(_memoryBarriers, barrier, srcStageFlags, dstStageFlags);
+        }
+
+        public void QueueBarrier(BufferMemoryBarrier barrier, PipelineStageFlags srcStageFlags, PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags)
+        {
+            QueueBarrier(_bufferBarriers, barrier, srcStageFlags, dstStageFlags);
+        }
+
+        public void QueueBarrier(ImageMemoryBarrier barrier, PipelineStageFlags srcStageFlags, PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags)
+        {
+            QueueBarrier(_imageBarriers, barrier, srcStageFlags, dstStageFlags);
+        }
+
+        public unsafe void Flush(CommandBuffer cb, bool insideRenderPass, Action endRenderPass)
+        {
+            while (_queuedBarrierCount > 0)
+            {
+                int memoryCount = 0;
+                int bufferCount = 0;
+                int imageCount = 0;
+
+                bool hasBarrier = false;
+                StageFlags flags = default;
+
+                static void AddBarriers<T>(
+                    Span<T> target,
+                    ref int queuedBarrierCount,
+                    ref bool hasBarrier,
+                    ref StageFlags flags,
+                    ref int count,
+                    List<BarrierWithStageFlags<T>> list) where T : unmanaged
+                {
+                    int firstMatch = -1;
+                    int end = list.Count;
+
+                    for (int i = 0; i < list.Count; i++)
+                    {
+                        BarrierWithStageFlags<T> barrier = list[i];
+
+                        if (!hasBarrier)
+                        {
+                            flags = barrier.Flags;
+                            hasBarrier = true;
+
+                            target[count++] = barrier.Barrier;
+                            queuedBarrierCount--;
+                            firstMatch = i;
+
+                            if (count >= target.Length)
+                            {
+                                end = i + 1;
+                                break;
+                            }
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            if (flags.Equals(barrier.Flags))
+                            {
+                                target[count++] = barrier.Barrier;
+                                queuedBarrierCount--;
+
+                                if (firstMatch == -1)
+                                {
+                                    firstMatch = i;
+                                }
+
+                                if (count >= target.Length)
+                                {
+                                    end = i + 1;
+                                    break;
+                                }
+                            }
+                            else
+                            {
+                                // Delete consumed barriers from the first match to the current non-match.
+                                if (firstMatch != -1)
+                                {
+                                    int deleteCount = i - firstMatch;
+                                    list.RemoveRange(firstMatch, deleteCount);
+                                    i -= deleteCount;
+
+                                    firstMatch = -1;
+                                    end = list.Count;
+                                }
+                            }
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (firstMatch == 0 && end == list.Count)
+                    {
+                        list.Clear();
+                    }
+                    else if (firstMatch != -1)
+                    {
+                        int deleteCount = end - firstMatch;
+
+                        list.RemoveRange(firstMatch, deleteCount);
+                    }
+                }
+
+                if (insideRenderPass)
+                {
+                    // Image barriers queued in the batch are meant to be globally scoped,
+                    // but inside a render pass they're scoped to just the range of the render pass.
+
+                    // On MoltenVK, we just break the rules and always use image barrier.
+                    // On desktop GPUs, all barriers are globally scoped, so we just replace it with a generic memory barrier.
+                    // TODO: On certain GPUs, we need to split render pass so the barrier scope is global. When this is done,
+                    //       notify the resource that it should add a barrier as soon as a render pass ends to avoid this in future.
+
+                    if (!_gd.IsMoltenVk)
+                    {
+                        foreach (var barrier in _imageBarriers)
+                        {
+                            _memoryBarriers.Add(new BarrierWithStageFlags<MemoryBarrier>(
+                                barrier.Flags,
+                                new MemoryBarrier()
+                                {
+                                    SType = StructureType.MemoryBarrier,
+                                    SrcAccessMask = barrier.Barrier.SrcAccessMask,
+                                    DstAccessMask = barrier.Barrier.DstAccessMask
+                                }));
+                        }
+
+                        _imageBarriers.Clear();
+                    }
+                }
+
+                AddBarriers(_memoryBarrierBatch.AsSpan(), ref _queuedBarrierCount, ref hasBarrier, ref flags, ref memoryCount, _memoryBarriers);
+                AddBarriers(_bufferBarrierBatch.AsSpan(), ref _queuedBarrierCount, ref hasBarrier, ref flags, ref bufferCount, _bufferBarriers);
+                AddBarriers(_imageBarrierBatch.AsSpan(), ref _queuedBarrierCount, ref hasBarrier, ref flags, ref imageCount, _imageBarriers);
+
+                if (hasBarrier)
+                {
+                    PipelineStageFlags srcStageFlags = flags.Source;
+
+                    if (insideRenderPass)
+                    {
+                        // Inside a render pass, barrier stages can only be from rasterization.
+                        srcStageFlags &= ~PipelineStageFlags.ComputeShaderBit;
+                    }
+
+                    _gd.Api.CmdPipelineBarrier(
+                        cb,
+                        srcStageFlags,
+                        flags.Dest,
+                        0,
+                        (uint)memoryCount,
+                        _memoryBarrierBatch.Pointer,
+                        (uint)bufferCount,
+                        _bufferBarrierBatch.Pointer,
+                        (uint)imageCount,
+                        _imageBarrierBatch.Pointer);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _memoryBarrierBatch.Dispose();
+            _bufferBarrierBatch.Dispose();
+            _imageBarrierBatch.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Constants.cs

@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         public const int MaxStorageBufferBindings = MaxStorageBuffersPerStage * MaxShaderStages;
         public const int MaxTextureBindings = MaxTexturesPerStage * MaxShaderStages;
         public const int MaxImageBindings = MaxImagesPerStage * MaxShaderStages;
+        public const int MaxPushDescriptorBinding = 64;
 
         public const ulong SparseBufferAlignment = 0x10000;
     }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/DescriptorSetTemplate.cs

@@ -1,19 +1,32 @@
 using Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System;
+using System.Numerics;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 {
     class DescriptorSetTemplate : IDisposable
     {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Renderdoc seems to crash when doing a templated uniform update with count > 1 on a push descriptor.
+        /// When this is true, consecutive buffers are always updated individually.
+        /// </summary>
+        private const bool RenderdocPushCountBug = true;
+
         private readonly VulkanRenderer _gd;
         private readonly Device _device;
 
         public readonly DescriptorUpdateTemplate Template;
         public readonly int Size;
 
-        public unsafe DescriptorSetTemplate(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, ResourceBindingSegment[] segments, PipelineLayoutCacheEntry plce, PipelineBindPoint pbp, int setIndex)
+        public unsafe DescriptorSetTemplate(
+            VulkanRenderer gd,
+            Device device,
+            ResourceBindingSegment[] segments,
+            PipelineLayoutCacheEntry plce,
+            PipelineBindPoint pbp,
+            int setIndex)
         {
             _gd = gd;
             _device = device;
@@ -137,6 +150,93 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             Template = result;
         }
 
+        public unsafe DescriptorSetTemplate(
+            VulkanRenderer gd,
+            Device device,
+            ResourceDescriptorCollection descriptors,
+            long updateMask,
+            PipelineLayoutCacheEntry plce,
+            PipelineBindPoint pbp,
+            int setIndex)
+        {
+            _gd = gd;
+            _device = device;
+
+            // Create a template from the set usages. Assumes the descriptor set is updated in segment order then binding order.
+            int segmentCount = BitOperations.PopCount((ulong)updateMask);
+
+            DescriptorUpdateTemplateEntry* entries = stackalloc DescriptorUpdateTemplateEntry[segmentCount];
+            int entry = 0;
+            nuint structureOffset = 0;
+
+            void AddBinding(int binding, int count)
+            {
+                entries[entry++] = new DescriptorUpdateTemplateEntry()
+                {
+                    DescriptorType = DescriptorType.UniformBuffer,
+                    DstBinding = (uint)binding,
+                    DescriptorCount = (uint)count,
+                    Offset = structureOffset,
+                    Stride = (nuint)Unsafe.SizeOf<DescriptorBufferInfo>()
+                };
+
+                structureOffset += (nuint)(Unsafe.SizeOf<DescriptorBufferInfo>() * count);
+            }
+
+            int startBinding = 0;
+            int bindingCount = 0;
+
+            foreach (ResourceDescriptor descriptor in descriptors.Descriptors)
+            {
+                for (int i = 0; i < descriptor.Count; i++)
+                {
+                    int binding = descriptor.Binding + i;
+
+                    if ((updateMask & (1L << binding)) != 0)
+                    {
+                        if (bindingCount > 0 && (RenderdocPushCountBug || startBinding + bindingCount != binding))
+                        {
+                            AddBinding(startBinding, bindingCount);
+
+                            bindingCount = 0;
+                        }
+
+                        if (bindingCount == 0)
+                        {
+                            startBinding = binding;
+                        }
+
+                        bindingCount++;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (bindingCount > 0)
+            {
+                AddBinding(startBinding, bindingCount);
+            }
+
+            Size = (int)structureOffset;
+
+            var info = new DescriptorUpdateTemplateCreateInfo()
+            {
+                SType = StructureType.DescriptorUpdateTemplateCreateInfo,
+                DescriptorUpdateEntryCount = (uint)entry,
+                PDescriptorUpdateEntries = entries,
+
+                TemplateType = DescriptorUpdateTemplateType.PushDescriptorsKhr,
+                DescriptorSetLayout = plce.DescriptorSetLayouts[setIndex],
+                PipelineBindPoint = pbp,
+                PipelineLayout = plce.PipelineLayout,
+                Set = (uint)setIndex,
+            };
+
+            DescriptorUpdateTemplate result;
+            gd.Api.CreateDescriptorUpdateTemplate(device, &info, null, &result).ThrowOnError();
+
+            Template = result;
+        }
+
         public unsafe void Dispose()
         {
             _gd.Api.DestroyDescriptorUpdateTemplate(_device, Template, null);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/DescriptorSetTemplateUpdater.cs

@@ -52,11 +52,23 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return new DescriptorSetTemplateWriter(new Span<byte>(_data.Pointer, template.Size));
         }
 
+        public DescriptorSetTemplateWriter Begin(int maxSize)
+        {
+            EnsureSize(maxSize);
+
+            return new DescriptorSetTemplateWriter(new Span<byte>(_data.Pointer, maxSize));
+        }
+
         public void Commit(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, DescriptorSet set)
         {
             gd.Api.UpdateDescriptorSetWithTemplate(device, set, _activeTemplate.Template, _data.Pointer);
         }
 
+        public void CommitPushDescriptor(VulkanRenderer gd, CommandBufferScoped cbs, DescriptorSetTemplate template, PipelineLayout layout)
+        {
+            gd.PushDescriptorApi.CmdPushDescriptorSetWithTemplate(cbs.CommandBuffer, template.Template, layout, 0, _data.Pointer);
+        }
+
         public void Dispose()
         {
             _data?.Dispose();

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/DescriptorSetUpdater.cs

@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ using Ryujinx.Graphics.Shader;
 using Silk.NET.Vulkan;
 using System;
 using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
 using CompareOp = Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.CompareOp;
 using Format = Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.Format;
 using SamplerCreateInfo = Ryujinx.Graphics.GAL.SamplerCreateInfo;
@@ -34,6 +35,36 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
         }
 
+        private record struct TextureRef
+        {
+            public ShaderStage Stage;
+            public TextureStorage Storage;
+            public Auto<DisposableImageView> View;
+            public Auto<DisposableSampler> Sampler;
+
+            public TextureRef(ShaderStage stage, TextureStorage storage, Auto<DisposableImageView> view, Auto<DisposableSampler> sampler)
+            {
+                Stage = stage;
+                Storage = storage;
+                View = view;
+                Sampler = sampler;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private record struct ImageRef
+        {
+            public ShaderStage Stage;
+            public TextureStorage Storage;
+            public Auto<DisposableImageView> View;
+
+            public ImageRef(ShaderStage stage, TextureStorage storage, Auto<DisposableImageView> view)
+            {
+                Stage = stage;
+                Storage = storage;
+                View = view;
+            }
+        }
+
         private readonly VulkanRenderer _gd;
         private readonly Device _device;
         private readonly PipelineBase _pipeline;
@@ -41,9 +72,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         private readonly BufferRef[] _uniformBufferRefs;
         private readonly BufferRef[] _storageBufferRefs;
-        private readonly Auto<DisposableImageView>[] _textureRefs;
-        private readonly Auto<DisposableSampler>[] _samplerRefs;
-        private readonly Auto<DisposableImageView>[] _imageRefs;
+        private readonly TextureRef[] _textureRefs;
+        private readonly ImageRef[] _imageRefs;
         private readonly TextureBuffer[] _bufferTextureRefs;
         private readonly TextureBuffer[] _bufferImageRefs;
         private readonly Format[] _bufferImageFormats;
@@ -61,6 +91,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private BitMapStruct<Array2<long>> _storageSet;
         private BitMapStruct<Array2<long>> _uniformMirrored;
         private BitMapStruct<Array2<long>> _storageMirrored;
+        private readonly int[] _uniformSetPd;
+        private int _pdSequence = 1;
 
         private bool _updateDescriptorCacheCbIndex;
 
@@ -92,9 +124,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             _uniformBufferRefs = new BufferRef[Constants.MaxUniformBufferBindings];
             _storageBufferRefs = new BufferRef[Constants.MaxStorageBufferBindings];
-            _textureRefs = new Auto<DisposableImageView>[Constants.MaxTextureBindings * 2];
-            _samplerRefs = new Auto<DisposableSampler>[Constants.MaxTextureBindings * 2];
-            _imageRefs = new Auto<DisposableImageView>[Constants.MaxImageBindings * 2];
+            _textureRefs = new TextureRef[Constants.MaxTextureBindings * 2];
+            _imageRefs = new ImageRef[Constants.MaxImageBindings * 2];
             _bufferTextureRefs = new TextureBuffer[Constants.MaxTextureBindings * 2];
             _bufferImageRefs = new TextureBuffer[Constants.MaxImageBindings * 2];
             _bufferImageFormats = new Format[Constants.MaxImageBindings * 2];
@@ -106,6 +137,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _bufferTextures = new BufferView[Constants.MaxTexturesPerStage];
             _bufferImages = new BufferView[Constants.MaxImagesPerStage];
 
+            _uniformSetPd = new int[Constants.MaxUniformBufferBindings];
+
             var initialImageInfo = new DescriptorImageInfo
             {
                 ImageLayout = ImageLayout.General,
@@ -193,6 +226,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                         if (BindingOverlaps(ref info, bindingOffset, offset, size))
                         {
                             _uniformSet.Clear(binding);
+                            _uniformSetPd[binding] = 0;
                             SignalDirty(DirtyFlags.Uniform);
                         }
                     }
@@ -223,14 +257,61 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             });
         }
 
-        public void SetProgram(ShaderCollection program)
+        public void InsertBindingBarriers(CommandBufferScoped cbs)
         {
+            foreach (ResourceBindingSegment segment in _program.BindingSegments[PipelineBase.TextureSetIndex])
+            {
+                if (segment.Type == ResourceType.TextureAndSampler)
+                {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < segment.Count; i++)
+                    {
+                        ref var texture = ref _textureRefs[segment.Binding + i];
+                        texture.Storage?.QueueWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.ShaderReadBit, texture.Stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            foreach (ResourceBindingSegment segment in _program.BindingSegments[PipelineBase.ImageSetIndex])
+            {
+                if (segment.Type == ResourceType.Image)
+                {
+                    for (int i = 0; i < segment.Count; i++)
+                    {
+                        ref var image = ref _imageRefs[segment.Binding + i];
+                        image.Storage?.QueueWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.ShaderReadBit, image.Stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags());
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void AdvancePdSequence()
+        {
+            if (++_pdSequence == 0)
+            {
+                _pdSequence = 1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        public void SetProgram(CommandBufferScoped cbs, ShaderCollection program, bool isBound)
+        {
+            if (!program.HasSameLayout(_program))
+            {
+                // When the pipeline layout changes, push descriptor bindings are invalidated.
+
+                AdvancePdSequence();
+            }
+
             _program = program;
             _updateDescriptorCacheCbIndex = true;
             _dirty = DirtyFlags.All;
         }
 
-        public void SetImage(int binding, ITexture image, Format imageFormat)
+        public void SetImage(
+            CommandBufferScoped cbs,
+            ShaderStage stage,
+            int binding,
+            ITexture image,
+            Format imageFormat)
         {
             if (image is TextureBuffer imageBuffer)
             {
@@ -239,11 +320,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
             else if (image is TextureView view)
             {
-                _imageRefs[binding] = view.GetView(imageFormat).GetIdentityImageView();
+                view.Storage.QueueWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.ShaderReadBit, stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags());
+
+                _imageRefs[binding] = new(stage, view.Storage, view.GetView(imageFormat).GetIdentityImageView());
             }
             else
             {
-                _imageRefs[binding] = null;
+                _imageRefs[binding] = default;
                 _bufferImageRefs[binding] = null;
                 _bufferImageFormats[binding] = default;
             }
@@ -253,7 +336,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public void SetImage(int binding, Auto<DisposableImageView> image)
         {
-            _imageRefs[binding] = image;
+            _imageRefs[binding] = new(ShaderStage.Compute, null, image);
 
             SignalDirty(DirtyFlags.Image);
         }
@@ -338,15 +421,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             }
             else if (texture is TextureView view)
             {
-                view.Storage.InsertWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.ShaderReadBit, stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags());
+                view.Storage.QueueWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.ShaderReadBit, stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags());
 
-                _textureRefs[binding] = view.GetImageView();
-                _samplerRefs[binding] = ((SamplerHolder)sampler)?.GetSampler();
+                _textureRefs[binding] = new(stage, view.Storage, view.GetImageView(), ((SamplerHolder)sampler)?.GetSampler());
             }
             else
             {
-                _textureRefs[binding] = null;
-                _samplerRefs[binding] = null;
+                _textureRefs[binding] = default;
                 _bufferTextureRefs[binding] = null;
             }
 
@@ -362,10 +443,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             if (texture is TextureView view)
             {
-                view.Storage.InsertWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.ShaderReadBit, stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags());
+                view.Storage.QueueWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.ShaderReadBit, stage.ConvertToPipelineStageFlags());
 
-                _textureRefs[binding] = view.GetIdentityImageView();
-                _samplerRefs[binding] = ((SamplerHolder)sampler)?.GetSampler();
+                _textureRefs[binding] = new(stage, view.Storage, view.GetIdentityImageView(), ((SamplerHolder)sampler)?.GetSampler());
 
                 SignalDirty(DirtyFlags.Texture);
             }
@@ -402,6 +482,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 if (!currentBufferRef.Equals(newRef) || currentInfo.Range != info.Range)
                 {
                     _uniformSet.Clear(index);
+                    _uniformSetPd[index] = 0;
 
                     currentInfo = info;
                     currentBufferRef = newRef;
@@ -579,9 +660,10 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                         {
                             ref var texture = ref textures[i];
+                            ref var refs = ref _textureRefs[binding + i];
 
-                            texture.ImageView = _textureRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
-                            texture.Sampler = _samplerRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
+                            texture.ImageView = refs.View?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
+                            texture.Sampler = refs.Sampler?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
 
                             if (texture.ImageView.Handle == 0)
                             {
@@ -616,7 +698,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
                         for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                         {
-                            images[i].ImageView = _imageRefs[binding + i]?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
+                            images[i].ImageView = _imageRefs[binding + i].View?.Get(cbs).Value ?? default;
                         }
 
                         tu.Push<DescriptorImageInfo>(images[..count]);
@@ -671,15 +753,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
         private void UpdateAndBindUniformBufferPd(CommandBufferScoped cbs, PipelineBindPoint pbp)
         {
+            int sequence = _pdSequence;
             var bindingSegments = _program.BindingSegments[PipelineBase.UniformSetIndex];
             var dummyBuffer = _dummyBuffer?.GetBuffer();
 
+            long updatedBindings = 0;
+            DescriptorSetTemplateWriter writer = _templateUpdater.Begin(32 * Unsafe.SizeOf<DescriptorBufferInfo>());
+
             foreach (ResourceBindingSegment segment in bindingSegments)
             {
                 int binding = segment.Binding;
                 int count = segment.Count;
 
-                bool doUpdate = false;
+                ReadOnlySpan<DescriptorBufferInfo> uniformBuffers = _uniformBuffers;
 
                 for (int i = 0; i < count; i++)
                 {
@@ -688,16 +774,28 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     if (_uniformSet.Set(index))
                     {
                         ref BufferRef buffer = ref _uniformBufferRefs[index];
-                        UpdateBuffer(cbs, ref _uniformBuffers[index], ref buffer, dummyBuffer, true);
-                        doUpdate = true;
+
+                        bool mirrored = UpdateBuffer(cbs, ref _uniformBuffers[index], ref buffer, dummyBuffer, true);
+
+                        _uniformMirrored.Set(index, mirrored);
+                    }
+
+                    if (_uniformSetPd[index] != sequence)
+                    {
+                        // Need to set this push descriptor (even if the buffer binding has not changed)
+
+                        _uniformSetPd[index] = sequence;
+                        updatedBindings |= 1L << index;
+
+                        writer.Push(MemoryMarshal.CreateReadOnlySpan(ref _uniformBuffers[index], 1));
                     }
                 }
+            }
 
-                if (doUpdate)
-                {
-                    ReadOnlySpan<DescriptorBufferInfo> uniformBuffers = _uniformBuffers;
-                    UpdateBuffers(cbs, pbp, binding, uniformBuffers.Slice(binding, count), DescriptorType.UniformBuffer);
-                }
+            if (updatedBindings > 0)
+            {
+                DescriptorSetTemplate template = _program.GetPushDescriptorTemplate(updatedBindings);
+                _templateUpdater.CommitPushDescriptor(_gd, cbs, template, _program.PipelineLayout);
             }
         }
 
@@ -724,6 +822,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             _uniformSet.Clear();
             _storageSet.Clear();
+            AdvancePdSequence();
         }
 
         private static void SwapBuffer(BufferRef[] list, Auto<DisposableBuffer> from, Auto<DisposableBuffer> to)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/FsrScalingFilter.cs

@@ -154,7 +154,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             int dispatchY = (height + (threadGroupWorkRegionDim - 1)) / threadGroupWorkRegionDim;
 
             _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, buffer.Range) });
-            _pipeline.SetImage(0, _intermediaryTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
+            _pipeline.SetImage(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, _intermediaryTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/FxaaPostProcessingEffect.cs

@@ -75,7 +75,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             var dispatchX = BitUtils.DivRoundUp(view.Width, IPostProcessingEffect.LocalGroupSize);
             var dispatchY = BitUtils.DivRoundUp(view.Height, IPostProcessingEffect.LocalGroupSize);
 
-            _pipeline.SetImage(0, _texture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
+            _pipeline.SetImage(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, _texture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
 
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Effects/SmaaPostProcessingEffect.cs

@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
 
             buffer.Holder.SetDataUnchecked(buffer.Offset, resolutionBuffer);
             _pipeline.SetUniformBuffers(stackalloc[] { new BufferAssignment(2, buffer.Range) });
-            _pipeline.SetImage(0, _edgeOutputTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
+            _pipeline.SetImage(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, _edgeOutputTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
 
@@ -229,7 +229,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Compute, 1, _edgeOutputTexture, _samplerLinear);
             _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Compute, 3, _areaTexture, _samplerLinear);
             _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Compute, 4, _searchTexture, _samplerLinear);
-            _pipeline.SetImage(0, _blendOutputTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
+            _pipeline.SetImage(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, _blendOutputTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
 
@@ -238,7 +238,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Effects
             _pipeline.Specialize(_specConstants);
             _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Compute, 3, _blendOutputTexture, _samplerLinear);
             _pipeline.SetTextureAndSampler(ShaderStage.Compute, 1, view, _samplerLinear);
-            _pipeline.SetImage(0, _outputTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
+            _pipeline.SetImage(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, _outputTexture, FormatTable.ConvertRgba8SrgbToUnorm(view.Info.Format));
             _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
             _pipeline.ComputeBarrier();
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/EnumConversion.cs

@@ -376,7 +376,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             return format switch
             {
-                Format.D16Unorm or Format.D32Float => ImageAspectFlags.DepthBit,
+                Format.D16Unorm or Format.D32Float or Format.X8UintD24Unorm => ImageAspectFlags.DepthBit,
                 Format.S8Uint => ImageAspectFlags.StencilBit,
                 Format.D24UnormS8Uint or
                 Format.D32FloatS8Uint or
@@ -389,7 +389,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             return format switch
             {
-                Format.D16Unorm or Format.D32Float => ImageAspectFlags.DepthBit,
+                Format.D16Unorm or Format.D32Float or Format.X8UintD24Unorm => ImageAspectFlags.DepthBit,
                 Format.S8Uint => ImageAspectFlags.StencilBit,
                 Format.D24UnormS8Uint or
                 Format.D32FloatS8Uint or

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/FormatCapabilities.cs

@@ -220,7 +220,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
         public static bool IsD24S8(Format format)
         {
-            return format == Format.D24UnormS8Uint || format == Format.S8UintD24Unorm;
+            return format == Format.D24UnormS8Uint || format == Format.S8UintD24Unorm || format == Format.X8UintD24Unorm;
         }
 
         private static bool IsRGB16IntFloat(Format format)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/FormatTable.cs

@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             Add(Format.S8Uint,              VkFormat.S8Uint);
             Add(Format.D16Unorm,            VkFormat.D16Unorm);
             Add(Format.S8UintD24Unorm,      VkFormat.D24UnormS8Uint);
+            Add(Format.X8UintD24Unorm,      VkFormat.X8D24UnormPack32);
             Add(Format.D32Float,            VkFormat.D32Sfloat);
             Add(Format.D24UnormS8Uint,      VkFormat.D24UnormS8Uint);
             Add(Format.D32FloatS8Uint,      VkFormat.D32SfloatS8Uint);

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/FramebufferParams.cs

@@ -243,41 +243,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return new Auto<DisposableFramebuffer>(new DisposableFramebuffer(api, _device, framebuffer), null, _attachments);
         }
 
-        public void UpdateModifications()
-        {
-            if (_colors != null)
-            {
-                for (int index = 0; index < _colors.Length; index++)
-                {
-                    _colors[index].Storage.SetModification(
-                        AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentWriteBit,
-                        PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit);
-                }
-            }
-
-            _depthStencil?.Storage.SetModification(
-                AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentWriteBit,
-                PipelineStageFlags.LateFragmentTestsBit);
-        }
-
-        public void InsertClearBarrier(CommandBufferScoped cbs, int index)
-        {
-            _colorsCanonical?[index]?.Storage?.InsertReadToWriteBarrier(
-               cbs,
-               AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentWriteBit,
-               PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit,
-               insideRenderPass: true);
-        }
-
-        public void InsertClearBarrierDS(CommandBufferScoped cbs)
-        {
-            _depthStencil?.Storage?.InsertReadToWriteBarrier(
-                cbs,
-                AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentWriteBit,
-                PipelineStageFlags.LateFragmentTestsBit,
-                insideRenderPass: true);
-        }
-
         public TextureView[] GetAttachmentViews()
         {
             var result = new TextureView[_attachments.Length];
@@ -297,23 +262,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return new RenderPassCacheKey(_depthStencil, _colorsCanonical);
         }
 
-        public void InsertLoadOpBarriers(CommandBufferScoped cbs)
+        public void InsertLoadOpBarriers(VulkanRenderer gd, CommandBufferScoped cbs)
         {
             if (_colors != null)
             {
                 foreach (var color in _colors)
                 {
                     // If Clear or DontCare were used, this would need to be write bit.
-                    color.Storage?.InsertWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentReadBit, PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit);
-                    color.Storage?.SetModification(AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentWriteBit, PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit);
+                    color.Storage?.QueueLoadOpBarrier(cbs, false);
                 }
             }
 
-            if (_depthStencil != null)
-            {
-                _depthStencil.Storage?.InsertWriteToReadBarrier(cbs, AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentReadBit, PipelineStageFlags.EarlyFragmentTestsBit);
-                _depthStencil.Storage?.SetModification(AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentWriteBit, PipelineStageFlags.LateFragmentTestsBit);
-            }
+            _depthStencil?.Storage?.QueueLoadOpBarrier(cbs, true);
+
+            gd.Barriers.Flush(cbs.CommandBuffer, false, null);
         }
 
         public (Auto<DisposableRenderPass> renderPass, Auto<DisposableFramebuffer> framebuffer) GetPassAndFramebuffer(

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/HardwareCapabilities.cs

@@ -34,6 +34,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         public readonly bool SupportsMultiView;
         public readonly bool SupportsNullDescriptors;
         public readonly bool SupportsPushDescriptors;
+        public readonly uint MaxPushDescriptors;
         public readonly bool SupportsPrimitiveTopologyListRestart;
         public readonly bool SupportsPrimitiveTopologyPatchListRestart;
         public readonly bool SupportsTransformFeedback;
@@ -71,6 +72,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             bool supportsMultiView,
             bool supportsNullDescriptors,
             bool supportsPushDescriptors,
+            uint maxPushDescriptors,
             bool supportsPrimitiveTopologyListRestart,
             bool supportsPrimitiveTopologyPatchListRestart,
             bool supportsTransformFeedback,
@@ -107,6 +109,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             SupportsMultiView = supportsMultiView;
             SupportsNullDescriptors = supportsNullDescriptors;
             SupportsPushDescriptors = supportsPushDescriptors;
+            MaxPushDescriptors = maxPushDescriptors;
             SupportsPrimitiveTopologyListRestart = supportsPrimitiveTopologyListRestart;
             SupportsPrimitiveTopologyPatchListRestart = supportsPrimitiveTopologyPatchListRestart;
             SupportsTransformFeedback = supportsTransformFeedback;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/HelperShader.cs

@@ -1039,7 +1039,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     var dstView = Create2DLayerView(dst, dstLayer + z, dstLevel + l);
 
                     _pipeline.SetTextureAndSamplerIdentitySwizzle(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, srcView, null);
-                    _pipeline.SetImage(0, dstView, dstFormat);
+                    _pipeline.SetImage(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, dstView, dstFormat);
 
                     int dispatchX = (Math.Min(srcView.Info.Width, dstView.Info.Width) + 31) / 32;
                     int dispatchY = (Math.Min(srcView.Info.Height, dstView.Info.Height) + 31) / 32;
@@ -1168,7 +1168,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                     var dstView = Create2DLayerView(dst, dstLayer + z, 0);
 
                     _pipeline.SetTextureAndSamplerIdentitySwizzle(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, srcView, null);
-                    _pipeline.SetImage(0, dstView, format);
+                    _pipeline.SetImage(ShaderStage.Compute, 0, dstView, format);
 
                     _pipeline.DispatchCompute(dispatchX, dispatchY, 1);
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineBase.cs

@@ -36,6 +36,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private PipelineState _newState;
         private bool _graphicsStateDirty;
         private bool _computeStateDirty;
+        private bool _bindingBarriersDirty;
         private PrimitiveTopology _topology;
 
         private ulong _currentPipelineHandle;
@@ -248,14 +249,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 CreateRenderPass();
             }
 
+            Gd.Barriers.Flush(Cbs.CommandBuffer, RenderPassActive, EndRenderPassDelegate);
+
             BeginRenderPass();
 
             var clearValue = new ClearValue(new ClearColorValue(color.Red, color.Green, color.Blue, color.Alpha));
             var attachment = new ClearAttachment(ImageAspectFlags.ColorBit, (uint)index, clearValue);
             var clearRect = FramebufferParams.GetClearRect(ClearScissor, layer, layerCount);
 
-            FramebufferParams.InsertClearBarrier(Cbs, index);
-
             Gd.Api.CmdClearAttachments(CommandBuffer, 1, &attachment, 1, &clearRect);
         }
 
@@ -286,13 +287,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 CreateRenderPass();
             }
 
+            Gd.Barriers.Flush(Cbs.CommandBuffer, RenderPassActive, EndRenderPassDelegate);
+
             BeginRenderPass();
 
             var attachment = new ClearAttachment(flags, 0, clearValue);
             var clearRect = FramebufferParams.GetClearRect(ClearScissor, layer, layerCount);
 
-            FramebufferParams.InsertClearBarrierDS(Cbs);
-
             Gd.Api.CmdClearAttachments(CommandBuffer, 1, &attachment, 1, &clearRect);
         }
 
@@ -887,9 +888,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             SignalStateChange();
         }
 
-        public void SetImage(int binding, ITexture image, Format imageFormat)
+        public void SetImage(ShaderStage stage, int binding, ITexture image, Format imageFormat)
         {
-            _descriptorSetUpdater.SetImage(binding, image, imageFormat);
+            _descriptorSetUpdater.SetImage(Cbs, stage, binding, image, imageFormat);
         }
 
         public void SetImage(int binding, Auto<DisposableImageView> image)
@@ -976,7 +977,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             _program = internalProgram;
 
-            _descriptorSetUpdater.SetProgram(internalProgram);
+            _descriptorSetUpdater.SetProgram(Cbs, internalProgram, _currentPipelineHandle != 0);
+            _bindingBarriersDirty = true;
 
             _newState.PipelineLayout = internalProgram.PipelineLayout;
             _newState.StagesCount = (uint)stages.Length;
@@ -1066,7 +1068,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private void SetRenderTargetsInternal(ITexture[] colors, ITexture depthStencil, bool filterWriteMasked)
         {
             CreateFramebuffer(colors, depthStencil, filterWriteMasked);
-            FramebufferParams?.UpdateModifications();
             CreateRenderPass();
             SignalStateChange();
             SignalAttachmentChange();
@@ -1520,8 +1521,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 CreatePipeline(PipelineBindPoint.Compute);
                 _computeStateDirty = false;
                 Pbp = PipelineBindPoint.Compute;
+
+                if (_bindingBarriersDirty)
+                {
+                    // Stale barriers may have been activated by switching program. Emit any that are relevant.
+                    _descriptorSetUpdater.InsertBindingBarriers(Cbs);
+
+                    _bindingBarriersDirty = false;
+                }
             }
 
+            Gd.Barriers.Flush(Cbs.CommandBuffer, RenderPassActive, EndRenderPassDelegate);
+
             _descriptorSetUpdater.UpdateAndBindDescriptorSets(Cbs, PipelineBindPoint.Compute);
         }
 
@@ -1575,8 +1586,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
                 _graphicsStateDirty = false;
                 Pbp = PipelineBindPoint.Graphics;
+
+                if (_bindingBarriersDirty)
+                {
+                    // Stale barriers may have been activated by switching program. Emit any that are relevant.
+                    _descriptorSetUpdater.InsertBindingBarriers(Cbs);
+
+                    _bindingBarriersDirty = false;
+                }
             }
 
+            Gd.Barriers.Flush(Cbs.CommandBuffer, RenderPassActive, EndRenderPassDelegate);
+
             _descriptorSetUpdater.UpdateAndBindDescriptorSets(Cbs, PipelineBindPoint.Graphics);
 
             return true;
@@ -1630,6 +1651,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         {
             if (!RenderPassActive)
             {
+                FramebufferParams.InsertLoadOpBarriers(Gd, Cbs);
+
                 var renderArea = new Rect2D(null, new Extent2D(FramebufferParams.Width, FramebufferParams.Height));
                 var clearValue = new ClearValue();
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineFull.cs

@@ -269,6 +269,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 PreloadCbs = null;
             }
 
+            Gd.Barriers.Flush(Cbs.CommandBuffer, false, null);
             CommandBuffer = (Cbs = Gd.CommandBufferPool.ReturnAndRent(Cbs)).CommandBuffer;
             Gd.RegisterFlush();
 

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/PipelineLayoutCacheEntry.cs

@@ -31,6 +31,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private int _dsLastCbIndex;
         private int _dsLastSubmissionCount;
 
+        private readonly Dictionary<long, DescriptorSetTemplate> _pdTemplates;
+        private readonly ResourceDescriptorCollection _pdDescriptors;
+        private long _lastPdUsage;
+        private DescriptorSetTemplate _lastPdTemplate;
+
         private PipelineLayoutCacheEntry(VulkanRenderer gd, Device device, int setsCount)
         {
             _gd = gd;
@@ -72,6 +77,12 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
                 _consumedDescriptorsPerSet[setIndex] = count;
             }
+
+            if (usePushDescriptors)
+            {
+                _pdDescriptors = setDescriptors[0];
+                _pdTemplates = new();
+            }
         }
 
         public void UpdateCommandBufferIndex(int commandBufferIndex)
@@ -143,10 +154,39 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return output[..count];
         }
 
+        public DescriptorSetTemplate GetPushDescriptorTemplate(PipelineBindPoint pbp, long updateMask)
+        {
+            if (_lastPdUsage == updateMask && _lastPdTemplate != null)
+            {
+                // Most likely result is that it asks to update the same buffers.
+                return _lastPdTemplate;
+            }
+
+            if (!_pdTemplates.TryGetValue(updateMask, out DescriptorSetTemplate template))
+            {
+                template = new DescriptorSetTemplate(_gd, _device, _pdDescriptors, updateMask, this, pbp, 0);
+
+                _pdTemplates.Add(updateMask, template);
+            }
+
+            _lastPdUsage = updateMask;
+            _lastPdTemplate = template;
+
+            return template;
+        }
+
         protected virtual unsafe void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
             if (disposing)
             {
+                if (_pdTemplates != null)
+                {
+                    foreach (DescriptorSetTemplate template in _pdTemplates.Values)
+                    {
+                        template.Dispose();
+                    }
+                }
+
                 for (int i = 0; i < _dsCache.Length; i++)
                 {
                     for (int j = 0; j < _dsCache[i].Length; j++)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/ShaderCollection.cs

@@ -108,18 +108,26 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             _shaders = internalShaders;
 
-            bool usePushDescriptors = !isMinimal && VulkanConfiguration.UsePushDescriptors && _gd.Capabilities.SupportsPushDescriptors;
+            bool usePushDescriptors = !isMinimal &&
+                VulkanConfiguration.UsePushDescriptors &&
+                _gd.Capabilities.SupportsPushDescriptors &&
+                !_gd.IsNvidiaPreTuring &&
+                !IsCompute &&
+                CanUsePushDescriptors(gd, resourceLayout, IsCompute);
 
-            _plce = gd.PipelineLayoutCache.GetOrCreate(gd, device, resourceLayout.Sets, usePushDescriptors);
+            ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> sets = usePushDescriptors ?
+                BuildPushDescriptorSets(gd, resourceLayout.Sets) : resourceLayout.Sets;
+
+            _plce = gd.PipelineLayoutCache.GetOrCreate(gd, device, sets, usePushDescriptors);
 
             HasMinimalLayout = isMinimal;
             UsePushDescriptors = usePushDescriptors;
 
             Stages = stages;
 
-            ClearSegments = BuildClearSegments(resourceLayout.Sets);
+            ClearSegments = BuildClearSegments(sets);
             BindingSegments = BuildBindingSegments(resourceLayout.SetUsages);
-            Templates = BuildTemplates();
+            Templates = BuildTemplates(usePushDescriptors);
 
             _compileTask = Task.CompletedTask;
             _firstBackgroundUse = false;
@@ -139,6 +147,76 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _firstBackgroundUse = !fromCache;
         }
 
+        private static bool CanUsePushDescriptors(VulkanRenderer gd, ResourceLayout layout, bool isCompute)
+        {
+            // If binding 3 is immediately used, use an alternate set of reserved bindings.
+            ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceUsage> uniformUsage = layout.SetUsages[0].Usages;
+            bool hasBinding3 = uniformUsage.Any(x => x.Binding == 3);
+            int[] reserved = isCompute ? Array.Empty<int>() : gd.GetPushDescriptorReservedBindings(hasBinding3);
+
+            // Can't use any of the reserved usages.
+            for (int i = 0; i < uniformUsage.Count; i++)
+            {
+                var binding = uniformUsage[i].Binding;
+
+                if (reserved.Contains(binding) ||
+                    binding >= Constants.MaxPushDescriptorBinding ||
+                    binding >= gd.Capabilities.MaxPushDescriptors + reserved.Count(id => id < binding))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        private static ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> BuildPushDescriptorSets(
+            VulkanRenderer gd,
+            ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> sets)
+        {
+            // The reserved bindings were selected when determining if push descriptors could be used.
+            int[] reserved = gd.GetPushDescriptorReservedBindings(false);
+
+            var result = new ResourceDescriptorCollection[sets.Count];
+
+            for (int i = 0; i < sets.Count; i++)
+            {
+                if (i == 0)
+                {
+                    // Push descriptors apply here. Remove reserved bindings.
+                    ResourceDescriptorCollection original = sets[i];
+
+                    var pdUniforms = new ResourceDescriptor[original.Descriptors.Count];
+                    int j = 0;
+
+                    foreach (ResourceDescriptor descriptor in original.Descriptors)
+                    {
+                        if (reserved.Contains(descriptor.Binding))
+                        {
+                            // If the binding is reserved, set its descriptor count to 0.
+                            pdUniforms[j++] = new ResourceDescriptor(
+                                descriptor.Binding,
+                                0,
+                                descriptor.Type,
+                                descriptor.Stages);
+                        }
+                        else
+                        {
+                            pdUniforms[j++] = descriptor;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    result[i] = new ResourceDescriptorCollection(new(pdUniforms));
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    result[i] = sets[i];
+                }
+            }
+
+            return new(result);
+        }
+
         private static ResourceBindingSegment[][] BuildClearSegments(ReadOnlyCollection<ResourceDescriptorCollection> sets)
         {
             ResourceBindingSegment[][] segments = new ResourceBindingSegment[sets.Count][];
@@ -243,12 +321,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return segments;
         }
 
-        private DescriptorSetTemplate[] BuildTemplates()
+        private DescriptorSetTemplate[] BuildTemplates(bool usePushDescriptors)
         {
             var templates = new DescriptorSetTemplate[BindingSegments.Length];
 
             for (int setIndex = 0; setIndex < BindingSegments.Length; setIndex++)
             {
+                if (usePushDescriptors && setIndex == 0)
+                {
+                    // Push descriptors get updated using templates owned by the pipeline layout.
+                    continue;
+                }
+
                 ResourceBindingSegment[] segments = BindingSegments[setIndex];
 
                 if (segments != null && segments.Length > 0)
@@ -433,6 +517,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return null;
         }
 
+        public DescriptorSetTemplate GetPushDescriptorTemplate(long updateMask)
+        {
+            return _plce.GetPushDescriptorTemplate(IsCompute ? PipelineBindPoint.Compute : PipelineBindPoint.Graphics, updateMask);
+        }
+
         public void AddComputePipeline(ref SpecData key, Auto<DisposablePipeline> pipeline)
         {
             (_computePipelineCache ??= new()).Add(ref key, pipeline);
@@ -493,6 +582,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return _plce.GetNewDescriptorSetCollection(setIndex, out isNew);
         }
 
+        public bool HasSameLayout(ShaderCollection other)
+        {
+            return other != null && _plce == other._plce;
+        }
+
         protected virtual void Dispose(bool disposing)
         {
             if (disposing)

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/TextureStorage.cs

@@ -154,9 +154,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             {
                 Format.S8Uint => Format.R8Unorm,
                 Format.D16Unorm => Format.R16Unorm,
-                Format.S8UintD24Unorm => Format.R8G8B8A8Unorm,
+                Format.D24UnormS8Uint or Format.S8UintD24Unorm or Format.X8UintD24Unorm => Format.R8G8B8A8Unorm,
                 Format.D32Float => Format.R32Float,
-                Format.D24UnormS8Uint => Format.R8G8B8A8Unorm,
                 Format.D32FloatS8Uint => Format.R32G32Float,
                 _ => throw new ArgumentException($"\"{format}\" is not a supported depth or stencil format."),
             };
@@ -434,99 +433,65 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             return FormatCapabilities.IsD24S8(Info.Format) && VkFormat == VkFormat.D32SfloatS8Uint;
         }
 
-        public void SetModification(AccessFlags accessFlags, PipelineStageFlags stage)
+        public void QueueLoadOpBarrier(CommandBufferScoped cbs, bool depthStencil)
         {
-            _lastModificationAccess = accessFlags;
-            _lastModificationStage = stage;
-        }
+            PipelineStageFlags srcStageFlags = _lastReadStage | _lastModificationStage;
+            PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags = depthStencil ?
+                PipelineStageFlags.EarlyFragmentTestsBit | PipelineStageFlags.LateFragmentTestsBit :
+                PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit;
 
-        public void InsertReadToWriteBarrier(CommandBufferScoped cbs, AccessFlags dstAccessFlags, PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags, bool insideRenderPass)
-        {
-            var lastReadStage = _lastReadStage;
+            AccessFlags srcAccessFlags = _lastModificationAccess | _lastReadAccess;
+            AccessFlags dstAccessFlags = depthStencil ?
+                AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentWriteBit | AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentReadBit :
+                AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentWriteBit | AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentReadBit;
 
-            if (insideRenderPass)
+            if (srcAccessFlags != AccessFlags.None)
             {
-                // We can't have barrier from compute inside a render pass,
-                // as it is invalid to specify compute in the subpass dependency stage mask.
+                ImageAspectFlags aspectFlags = Info.Format.ConvertAspectFlags();
+                ImageMemoryBarrier barrier = TextureView.GetImageBarrier(
+                    _imageAuto.Get(cbs).Value,
+                    srcAccessFlags,
+                    dstAccessFlags,
+                    aspectFlags,
+                    0,
+                    0,
+                    _info.GetLayers(),
+                    _info.Levels);
 
-                lastReadStage &= ~PipelineStageFlags.ComputeShaderBit;
-            }
+                _gd.Barriers.QueueBarrier(barrier, srcStageFlags, dstStageFlags);
 
-            if (lastReadStage != PipelineStageFlags.None)
-            {
-                // This would result in a validation error, but is
-                // required on MoltenVK as the generic barrier results in
-                // severe texture flickering in some scenarios.
-                if (_gd.IsMoltenVk)
-                {
-                    ImageAspectFlags aspectFlags = Info.Format.ConvertAspectFlags();
-                    TextureView.InsertImageBarrier(
-                        _gd.Api,
-                        cbs.CommandBuffer,
-                        _imageAuto.Get(cbs).Value,
-                        _lastReadAccess,
-                        dstAccessFlags,
-                        _lastReadStage,
-                        dstStageFlags,
-                        aspectFlags,
-                        0,
-                        0,
-                        _info.GetLayers(),
-                        _info.Levels);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    TextureView.InsertMemoryBarrier(
-                        _gd.Api,
-                        cbs.CommandBuffer,
-                        _lastReadAccess,
-                        dstAccessFlags,
-                        lastReadStage,
-                        dstStageFlags);
-                }
-
-                _lastReadAccess = AccessFlags.None;
                 _lastReadStage = PipelineStageFlags.None;
+                _lastReadAccess = AccessFlags.None;
             }
+
+            _lastModificationStage = depthStencil ?
+                PipelineStageFlags.LateFragmentTestsBit :
+                PipelineStageFlags.ColorAttachmentOutputBit;
+
+            _lastModificationAccess = depthStencil ?
+                AccessFlags.DepthStencilAttachmentWriteBit :
+                AccessFlags.ColorAttachmentWriteBit;
         }
 
-        public void InsertWriteToReadBarrier(CommandBufferScoped cbs, AccessFlags dstAccessFlags, PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags)
+        public void QueueWriteToReadBarrier(CommandBufferScoped cbs, AccessFlags dstAccessFlags, PipelineStageFlags dstStageFlags)
         {
             _lastReadAccess |= dstAccessFlags;
             _lastReadStage |= dstStageFlags;
 
             if (_lastModificationAccess != AccessFlags.None)
             {
-                // This would result in a validation error, but is
-                // required on MoltenVK as the generic barrier results in
-                // severe texture flickering in some scenarios.
-                if (_gd.IsMoltenVk)
-                {
-                    ImageAspectFlags aspectFlags = Info.Format.ConvertAspectFlags();
-                    TextureView.InsertImageBarrier(
-                        _gd.Api,
-                        cbs.CommandBuffer,
-                        _imageAuto.Get(cbs).Value,
-                        _lastModificationAccess,
-                        dstAccessFlags,
-                        _lastModificationStage,
-                        dstStageFlags,
-                        aspectFlags,
-                        0,
-                        0,
-                        _info.GetLayers(),
-                        _info.Levels);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    TextureView.InsertMemoryBarrier(
-                        _gd.Api,
-                        cbs.CommandBuffer,
-                        _lastModificationAccess,
-                        dstAccessFlags,
-                        _lastModificationStage,
-                        dstStageFlags);
-                }
+                ImageAspectFlags aspectFlags = Info.Format.ConvertAspectFlags();
+                ImageMemoryBarrier barrier = TextureView.GetImageBarrier(
+                    _imageAuto.Get(cbs).Value,
+                    _lastModificationAccess,
+                    dstAccessFlags,
+                    aspectFlags,
+                    0,
+                    0,
+                    _info.GetLayers(),
+                    _info.Levels);
+
+                _gd.Barriers.QueueBarrier(barrier, _lastModificationStage, dstStageFlags);
 
                 _lastModificationAccess = AccessFlags.None;
             }

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/TextureView.cs

@@ -497,6 +497,30 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 null);
         }
 
+        public static ImageMemoryBarrier GetImageBarrier(
+            Image image,
+            AccessFlags srcAccessMask,
+            AccessFlags dstAccessMask,
+            ImageAspectFlags aspectFlags,
+            int firstLayer,
+            int firstLevel,
+            int layers,
+            int levels)
+        {
+            return new()
+            {
+                SType = StructureType.ImageMemoryBarrier,
+                SrcAccessMask = srcAccessMask,
+                DstAccessMask = dstAccessMask,
+                SrcQueueFamilyIndex = Vk.QueueFamilyIgnored,
+                DstQueueFamilyIndex = Vk.QueueFamilyIgnored,
+                Image = image,
+                OldLayout = ImageLayout.General,
+                NewLayout = ImageLayout.General,
+                SubresourceRange = new ImageSubresourceRange(aspectFlags, (uint)firstLevel, (uint)levels, (uint)firstLayer, (uint)layers),
+            };
+        }
+
         public static unsafe void InsertImageBarrier(
             Vk api,
             CommandBuffer commandBuffer,
@@ -511,18 +535,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             int layers,
             int levels)
         {
-            ImageMemoryBarrier memoryBarrier = new()
-            {
-                SType = StructureType.ImageMemoryBarrier,
-                SrcAccessMask = srcAccessMask,
-                DstAccessMask = dstAccessMask,
-                SrcQueueFamilyIndex = Vk.QueueFamilyIgnored,
-                DstQueueFamilyIndex = Vk.QueueFamilyIgnored,
-                Image = image,
-                OldLayout = ImageLayout.General,
-                NewLayout = ImageLayout.General,
-                SubresourceRange = new ImageSubresourceRange(aspectFlags, (uint)firstLevel, (uint)levels, (uint)firstLayer, (uint)layers),
-            };
+            ImageMemoryBarrier memoryBarrier = GetImageBarrier(
+                image,
+                srcAccessMask,
+                dstAccessMask,
+                aspectFlags,
+                firstLayer,
+                firstLevel,
+                layers,
+                levels);
 
             api.CmdPipelineBarrier(
                 commandBuffer,

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/Vendor.cs

@@ -20,6 +20,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         [GeneratedRegex("Radeon (((HD|R(5|7|9|X)) )?((M?[2-6]\\d{2}(\\D|$))|([7-8]\\d{3}(\\D|$))|Fury|Nano))|(Pro Duo)")]
         public static partial Regex AmdGcnRegex();
 
+        [GeneratedRegex("NVIDIA GeForce (R|G)?TX? (\\d{3}\\d?)M?")]
+        public static partial Regex NvidiaConsumerClassRegex();
+
         public static Vendor FromId(uint id)
         {
             return id switch

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VulkanConfiguration.cs

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
     {
         public const bool UseFastBufferUpdates = true;
         public const bool UseUnsafeBlit = true;
-        public const bool UsePushDescriptors = false;
+        public const bool UsePushDescriptors = true;
 
         public const bool ForceD24S8Unsupported = false;
         public const bool ForceRGB16IntFloatUnsupported = false;

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VulkanInitialization.cs

@@ -486,20 +486,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 pExtendedFeatures = &featuresFragmentShaderInterlock;
             }
 
-            PhysicalDeviceSubgroupSizeControlFeaturesEXT featuresSubgroupSizeControl;
-
-            if (physicalDevice.IsDeviceExtensionPresent("VK_EXT_subgroup_size_control"))
-            {
-                featuresSubgroupSizeControl = new PhysicalDeviceSubgroupSizeControlFeaturesEXT
-                {
-                    SType = StructureType.PhysicalDeviceSubgroupSizeControlFeaturesExt,
-                    PNext = pExtendedFeatures,
-                    SubgroupSizeControl = true,
-                };
-
-                pExtendedFeatures = &featuresSubgroupSizeControl;
-            }
-
             PhysicalDeviceCustomBorderColorFeaturesEXT featuresCustomBorderColor;
 
             if (physicalDevice.IsDeviceExtensionPresent("VK_EXT_custom_border_color") &&

src/Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan/VulkanRenderer.cs

@@ -68,6 +68,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         internal HelperShader HelperShader { get; private set; }
         internal PipelineFull PipelineInternal => _pipeline;
 
+        internal BarrierBatch Barriers { get; private set; }
+
         public IPipeline Pipeline => _pipeline;
 
         public IWindow Window => _window;
@@ -76,10 +78,15 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
         private readonly Func<string[]> _getRequiredExtensions;
         private readonly string _preferredGpuId;
 
+        private int[] _pdReservedBindings;
+        private readonly static int[] _pdReservedBindingsNvn = { 3, 18, 21, 36, 30 };
+        private readonly static int[] _pdReservedBindingsOgl = { 17, 18, 34, 35, 36 };
+
         internal Vendor Vendor { get; private set; }
         internal bool IsAmdWindows { get; private set; }
         internal bool IsIntelWindows { get; private set; }
         internal bool IsAmdGcn { get; private set; }
+        internal bool IsNvidiaPreTuring { get; private set; }
         internal bool IsMoltenVk { get; private set; }
         internal bool IsTBDR { get; private set; }
         internal bool IsSharedMemory { get; private set; }
@@ -191,6 +198,19 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 SType = StructureType.PhysicalDevicePortabilitySubsetPropertiesKhr,
             };
 
+            bool supportsPushDescriptors = _physicalDevice.IsDeviceExtensionPresent(KhrPushDescriptor.ExtensionName);
+
+            PhysicalDevicePushDescriptorPropertiesKHR propertiesPushDescriptor = new PhysicalDevicePushDescriptorPropertiesKHR()
+            {
+                SType = StructureType.PhysicalDevicePushDescriptorPropertiesKhr
+            };
+
+            if (supportsPushDescriptors)
+            {
+                propertiesPushDescriptor.PNext = properties2.PNext;
+                properties2.PNext = &propertiesPushDescriptor;
+            }
+
             PhysicalDeviceFeatures2 features2 = new()
             {
                 SType = StructureType.PhysicalDeviceFeatures2,
@@ -320,7 +340,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
                 _physicalDevice.IsDeviceExtensionPresent(ExtExtendedDynamicState.ExtensionName),
                 features2.Features.MultiViewport && !(IsMoltenVk && Vendor == Vendor.Amd), // Workaround for AMD on MoltenVK issue
                 featuresRobustness2.NullDescriptor || IsMoltenVk,
-                _physicalDevice.IsDeviceExtensionPresent(KhrPushDescriptor.ExtensionName),
+                supportsPushDescriptors && !IsMoltenVk,
+                propertiesPushDescriptor.MaxPushDescriptors,
                 featuresPrimitiveTopologyListRestart.PrimitiveTopologyListRestart,
                 featuresPrimitiveTopologyListRestart.PrimitiveTopologyPatchListRestart,
                 supportsTransformFeedback,
@@ -362,6 +383,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             HelperShader = new HelperShader(this, _device);
 
+            Barriers = new BarrierBatch(this);
+
             _counters = new Counters(this, _device, _pipeline);
         }
 
@@ -400,6 +423,25 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             _initialized = true;
         }
 
+        internal int[] GetPushDescriptorReservedBindings(bool isOgl)
+        {
+            // The first call of this method determines what push descriptor layout is used for all shaders on this renderer.
+            // This is chosen to minimize shaders that can't fit their uniforms on the device's max number of push descriptors.
+            if (_pdReservedBindings == null)
+            {
+                if (Capabilities.MaxPushDescriptors <= Constants.MaxUniformBuffersPerStage * 2)
+                {
+                    _pdReservedBindings = isOgl ? _pdReservedBindingsOgl : _pdReservedBindingsNvn;
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    _pdReservedBindings = Array.Empty<int>();
+                }
+            }
+
+            return _pdReservedBindings;
+        }
+
         public BufferHandle CreateBuffer(int size, BufferAccess access)
         {
             return BufferManager.CreateWithHandle(this, size, access.HasFlag(BufferAccess.SparseCompatible), access.Convert(), default, access == BufferAccess.Stream);
@@ -716,6 +758,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
 
             IsAmdGcn = !IsMoltenVk && Vendor == Vendor.Amd && VendorUtils.AmdGcnRegex().IsMatch(GpuRenderer);
 
+            if (Vendor == Vendor.Nvidia)
+            {
+                var match = VendorUtils.NvidiaConsumerClassRegex().Match(GpuRenderer);
+
+                if (match != null && int.TryParse(match.Groups[2].Value, out int gpuNumber))
+                {
+                    IsNvidiaPreTuring = gpuNumber < 2000;
+                }
+                else if (GpuDriver.Contains("TITAN") && !GpuDriver.Contains("RTX"))
+                {
+                    IsNvidiaPreTuring = true;
+                }
+            }
+
             Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Gpu, $"{GpuVendor} {GpuRenderer} ({GpuVersion})");
         }
 
@@ -862,6 +918,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan
             BufferManager.Dispose();
             DescriptorSetManager.Dispose();
             PipelineLayoutCache.Dispose();
+            Barriers.Dispose();
 
             MemoryAllocator.Dispose();
 

src/Ryujinx.Gtk3/Modules/Updater/UpdateDialog.cs

@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
         private readonly string _buildUrl;
         private bool _restartQuery;
 
-        public UpdateDialog(MainWindow mainWindow, Version newVersion, string buildUrl) : this(new Builder("Ryujinx.Modules.Updater.UpdateDialog.glade"), mainWindow, newVersion, buildUrl) { }
+        public UpdateDialog(MainWindow mainWindow, Version newVersion, string buildUrl) : this(new Builder("Ryujinx.Gtk3.Modules.Updater.UpdateDialog.glade"), mainWindow, newVersion, buildUrl) { }
 
         private UpdateDialog(Builder builder, MainWindow mainWindow, Version newVersion, string buildUrl) : base(builder.GetRawOwnedObject("UpdateDialog"))
         {
@@ -34,7 +34,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             _mainWindow = mainWindow;
             _buildUrl = buildUrl;
 
-            Icon = new Pixbuf(Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(ConfigurationState)), "Ryujinx.UI.Common.Resources.Logo_Ryujinx.png");
+            Icon = new Pixbuf(Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(ConfigurationState)), "Ryujinx.Gtk3.UI.Common.Resources.Logo_Ryujinx.png");
             MainText.Text = "Do you want to update Ryujinx to the latest version?";
             SecondaryText.Text = $"{Program.Version} -> {newVersion}";
 

src/Ryujinx.Gtk3/Modules/Updater/Updater.cs

@@ -1,75 +1,93 @@
-using Avalonia.Controls;
-using Avalonia.Threading;
-using FluentAvalonia.UI.Controls;
+using Gtk;
 using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.GZip;
 using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.Tar;
 using ICSharpCode.SharpZipLib.Zip;
-using Ryujinx.Ava;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.Common.Locale;
-using Ryujinx.Ava.UI.Helpers;
 using Ryujinx.Common;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
 using Ryujinx.Common.Utilities;
-using Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper;
+using Ryujinx.UI;
 using Ryujinx.UI.Common.Models.Github;
+using Ryujinx.UI.Widgets;
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
-using System.Diagnostics;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
 using System.Net;
 using System.Net.Http;
 using System.Net.NetworkInformation;
-using System.Runtime.CompilerServices;
 using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
-using System.Runtime.Versioning;
 using System.Text;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
 
 namespace Ryujinx.Modules
 {
-    internal static class Updater
+    public static class Updater
     {
         private const string GitHubApiUrl = "https://api.github.com";
-        private static readonly GithubReleasesJsonSerializerContext _serializerContext = new(JsonHelper.GetDefaultSerializerOptions());
+        private const int ConnectionCount = 4;
+
+        internal static bool Running;
 
         private static readonly string _homeDir = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
         private static readonly string _updateDir = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), "Ryujinx", "update");
         private static readonly string _updatePublishDir = Path.Combine(_updateDir, "publish");
-        private const int ConnectionCount = 4;
 
         private static string _buildVer;
         private static string _platformExt;
         private static string _buildUrl;
         private static long _buildSize;
-        private static bool _updateSuccessful;
-        private static bool _running;
 
-        private static readonly string[] _windowsDependencyDirs = Array.Empty<string>();
+        private static readonly GithubReleasesJsonSerializerContext _serializerContext = new(JsonHelper.GetDefaultSerializerOptions());
 
-        public static async Task BeginParse(Window mainWindow, bool showVersionUpToDate)
+        // On Windows, GtkSharp.Dependencies adds these extra dirs that must be cleaned during updates.
+        private static readonly string[] _windowsDependencyDirs = { "bin", "etc", "lib", "share" };
+
+        private static HttpClient ConstructHttpClient()
         {
-            if (_running)
+            HttpClient result = new();
+
+            // Required by GitHub to interact with APIs.
+            result.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("User-Agent", "Ryujinx-Updater/1.0.0");
+
+            return result;
+        }
+
+        public static async Task BeginParse(MainWindow mainWindow, bool showVersionUpToDate)
+        {
+            if (Running)
             {
                 return;
             }
 
-            _running = true;
+            Running = true;
+            mainWindow.UpdateMenuItem.Sensitive = false;
+
+            int artifactIndex = -1;
 
             // Detect current platform
             if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
             {
-                _platformExt = "macos_universal.app.tar.gz";
+                _platformExt = "osx_x64.zip";
+                artifactIndex = 1;
             }
             else if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
             {
                 _platformExt = "win_x64.zip";
+                artifactIndex = 2;
             }
             else if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux())
             {
                 var arch = RuntimeInformation.OSArchitecture == Architecture.Arm64 ? "arm64" : "x64";
                 _platformExt = $"linux_{arch}.tar.gz";
+                artifactIndex = 0;
+            }
+
+            if (artifactIndex == -1)
+            {
+                GtkDialog.CreateErrorDialog("Your platform is not supported!");
+
+                return;
             }
 
             Version newVersion;
@@ -81,14 +99,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             }
             catch
             {
+                GtkDialog.CreateWarningDialog("Failed to convert the current Ryujinx version.", "Cancelling Update!");
                 Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, "Failed to convert the current Ryujinx version!");
 
-                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateWarningDialog(
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterConvertFailedMessage],
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterCancelUpdateMessage]);
-
-                _running = false;
-
                 return;
             }
 
@@ -96,15 +109,16 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             try
             {
                 using HttpClient jsonClient = ConstructHttpClient();
-
                 string buildInfoUrl = $"{GitHubApiUrl}/repos/{ReleaseInformation.ReleaseChannelOwner}/{ReleaseInformation.ReleaseChannelRepo}/releases/latest";
+
+                // Fetch latest build information
                 string fetchedJson = await jsonClient.GetStringAsync(buildInfoUrl);
                 var fetched = JsonHelper.Deserialize(fetchedJson, _serializerContext.GithubReleasesJsonResponse);
                 _buildVer = fetched.Name;
 
                 foreach (var asset in fetched.Assets)
                 {
-                    if (asset.Name.StartsWith("test-ava-ryujinx") && asset.Name.EndsWith(_platformExt))
+                    if (asset.Name.StartsWith("gtk-ryujinx") && asset.Name.EndsWith(_platformExt))
                     {
                         _buildUrl = asset.BrowserDownloadUrl;
 
@@ -112,13 +126,9 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                         {
                             if (showVersionUpToDate)
                             {
-                                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateUpdaterInfoDialog(
-                                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterAlreadyOnLatestVersionMessage],
-                                    "");
+                                GtkDialog.CreateUpdaterInfoDialog("You are already using the latest version of Ryujinx!", "");
                             }
 
-                            _running = false;
-
                             return;
                         }
 
@@ -126,29 +136,20 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                     }
                 }
 
-                // If build not done, assume no new update are available.
-                if (_buildUrl is null)
+                if (_buildUrl == null)
                 {
                     if (showVersionUpToDate)
                     {
-                        await ContentDialogHelper.CreateUpdaterInfoDialog(
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterAlreadyOnLatestVersionMessage],
-                            "");
+                        GtkDialog.CreateUpdaterInfoDialog("You are already using the latest version of Ryujinx!", "");
                     }
 
-                    _running = false;
-
                     return;
                 }
             }
             catch (Exception exception)
             {
                 Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, exception.Message);
-
-                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateErrorDialog(
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterFailedToGetVersionMessage]);
-
-                _running = false;
+                GtkDialog.CreateErrorDialog("An error occurred when trying to get release information from GitHub Release. This can be caused if a new release is being compiled by GitHub Actions. Try again in a few minutes.");
 
                 return;
             }
@@ -159,13 +160,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             }
             catch
             {
-                Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, "Failed to convert the received Ryujinx version from Github!");
-
-                await ContentDialogHelper.CreateWarningDialog(
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterConvertFailedGithubMessage],
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterCancelUpdateMessage]);
-
-                _running = false;
+                GtkDialog.CreateWarningDialog("Failed to convert the received Ryujinx version from GitHub Release.", "Cancelling Update!");
+                Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, "Failed to convert the received Ryujinx version from GitHub Release!");
 
                 return;
             }
@@ -174,12 +170,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             {
                 if (showVersionUpToDate)
                 {
-                    await ContentDialogHelper.CreateUpdaterInfoDialog(
-                        LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterAlreadyOnLatestVersionMessage],
-                        "");
+                    GtkDialog.CreateUpdaterInfoDialog("You are already using the latest version of Ryujinx!", "");
                 }
 
-                _running = false;
+                Running = false;
+                mainWindow.UpdateMenuItem.Sensitive = true;
 
                 return;
             }
@@ -202,39 +197,13 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                 _buildSize = -1;
             }
 
-            await Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(async () =>
-            {
-                // Show a message asking the user if they want to update
-                var shouldUpdate = await ContentDialogHelper.CreateChoiceDialog(
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.RyujinxUpdater],
-                    LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.RyujinxUpdaterMessage],
-                    $"{Program.Version} -> {newVersion}");
-
-                if (shouldUpdate)
-                {
-                    await UpdateRyujinx(mainWindow, _buildUrl);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    _running = false;
-                }
-            });
+            // Show a message asking the user if they want to update
+            UpdateDialog updateDialog = new(mainWindow, newVersion, _buildUrl);
+            updateDialog.Show();
         }
 
-        private static HttpClient ConstructHttpClient()
+        public static void UpdateRyujinx(UpdateDialog updateDialog, string downloadUrl)
         {
-            HttpClient result = new();
-
-            // Required by GitHub to interact with APIs.
-            result.DefaultRequestHeaders.Add("User-Agent", "Ryujinx-Updater/1.0.0");
-
-            return result;
-        }
-
-        private static async Task UpdateRyujinx(Window parent, string downloadUrl)
-        {
-            _updateSuccessful = false;
-
             // Empty update dir, although it shouldn't ever have anything inside it
             if (Directory.Exists(_updateDir))
             {
@@ -245,93 +214,22 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
 
             string updateFile = Path.Combine(_updateDir, "update.bin");
 
-            TaskDialog taskDialog = new()
+            // Download the update .zip
+            updateDialog.MainText.Text = "Downloading Update...";
+            updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value = 0;
+            updateDialog.ProgressBar.MaxValue = 100;
+
+            if (_buildSize >= 0)
             {
-                Header = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.RyujinxUpdater],
-                SubHeader = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterDownloading],
-                IconSource = new SymbolIconSource { Symbol = Symbol.Download },
-                ShowProgressBar = true,
-                XamlRoot = parent,
-            };
-
-            taskDialog.Opened += (s, e) =>
+                DoUpdateWithMultipleThreads(updateDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
+            }
+            else
             {
-                if (_buildSize >= 0)
-                {
-                    DoUpdateWithMultipleThreads(taskDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
-                }
-                else
-                {
-                    DoUpdateWithSingleThread(taskDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
-                }
-            };
-
-            await taskDialog.ShowAsync(true);
-
-            if (_updateSuccessful)
-            {
-                bool shouldRestart = true;
-
-                if (!OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
-                {
-                    shouldRestart = await ContentDialogHelper.CreateChoiceDialog(LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.RyujinxUpdater],
-                        LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterCompleteMessage],
-                        LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterRestartMessage]);
-                }
-
-                if (shouldRestart)
-                {
-                    List<string> arguments = CommandLineState.Arguments.ToList();
-                    string executableDirectory = AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory;
-
-                    // On macOS we perform the update at relaunch.
-                    if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
-                    {
-                        string baseBundlePath = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(executableDirectory, "..", ".."));
-                        string newBundlePath = Path.Combine(_updateDir, "Ryujinx.app");
-                        string updaterScriptPath = Path.Combine(newBundlePath, "Contents", "Resources", "updater.sh");
-                        string currentPid = Environment.ProcessId.ToString();
-
-                        arguments.InsertRange(0, new List<string> { updaterScriptPath, baseBundlePath, newBundlePath, currentPid });
-                        Process.Start("/bin/bash", arguments);
-                    }
-                    else
-                    {
-                        // Find the process name.
-                        string ryuName = Path.GetFileName(Environment.ProcessPath);
-
-                        // Some operating systems can see the renamed executable, so strip off the .ryuold if found.
-                        if (ryuName.EndsWith(".ryuold"))
-                        {
-                            ryuName = ryuName[..^7];
-                        }
-
-                        // Fallback if the executable could not be found.
-                        if (!Path.Exists(Path.Combine(executableDirectory, ryuName)))
-                        {
-                            ryuName = OperatingSystem.IsWindows() ? "Ryujinx.Ava.exe" : "Ryujinx.Ava";
-                        }
-
-                        ProcessStartInfo processStart = new(ryuName)
-                        {
-                            UseShellExecute = true,
-                            WorkingDirectory = executableDirectory,
-                        };
-
-                        foreach (string argument in CommandLineState.Arguments)
-                        {
-                            processStart.ArgumentList.Add(argument);
-                        }
-
-                        Process.Start(processStart);
-                    }
-
-                    Environment.Exit(0);
-                }
+                DoUpdateWithSingleThread(updateDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
             }
         }
 
-        private static void DoUpdateWithMultipleThreads(TaskDialog taskDialog, string downloadUrl, string updateFile)
+        private static void DoUpdateWithMultipleThreads(UpdateDialog updateDialog, string downloadUrl, string updateFile)
         {
             // Multi-Threaded Updater
             long chunkSize = _buildSize / ConnectionCount;
@@ -355,7 +253,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                 // TODO: WebClient is obsolete and need to be replaced with a more complex logic using HttpClient.
                 using WebClient client = new();
 #pragma warning restore SYSLIB0014
-
                 webClients.Add(client);
 
                 if (i == ConnectionCount - 1)
@@ -375,7 +272,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                     Interlocked.Exchange(ref progressPercentage[index], args.ProgressPercentage);
                     Interlocked.Add(ref totalProgressPercentage, args.ProgressPercentage);
 
-                    taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(totalProgressPercentage / ConnectionCount, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                    updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value = totalProgressPercentage / ConnectionCount;
                 };
 
                 client.DownloadDataCompleted += (_, args) =>
@@ -386,8 +283,6 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                     {
                         webClients[index].Dispose();
 
-                        taskDialog.Hide();
-
                         return;
                     }
 
@@ -405,24 +300,18 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
 
                         File.WriteAllBytes(updateFile, mergedFileBytes);
 
-                        // On macOS, ensure that we remove the quarantine bit to prevent Gatekeeper from blocking execution.
-                        if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
-                        {
-                            using Process xattrProcess = Process.Start("xattr", new List<string> { "-d", "com.apple.quarantine", updateFile });
-
-                            xattrProcess.WaitForExit();
-                        }
-
                         try
                         {
-                            InstallUpdate(taskDialog, updateFile);
+                            InstallUpdate(updateDialog, updateFile);
                         }
                         catch (Exception e)
                         {
                             Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, e.Message);
                             Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, "Multi-Threaded update failed, falling back to single-threaded updater.");
 
-                            DoUpdateWithSingleThread(taskDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
+                            DoUpdateWithSingleThread(updateDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
+
+                            return;
                         }
                     }
                 };
@@ -441,14 +330,14 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                         webClient.CancelAsync();
                     }
 
-                    DoUpdateWithSingleThread(taskDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
+                    DoUpdateWithSingleThread(updateDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile);
 
                     return;
                 }
             }
         }
 
-        private static void DoUpdateWithSingleThreadWorker(TaskDialog taskDialog, string downloadUrl, string updateFile)
+        private static void DoUpdateWithSingleThreadWorker(UpdateDialog updateDialog, string downloadUrl, string updateFile)
         {
             using HttpClient client = new();
             // We do not want to timeout while downloading
@@ -474,118 +363,101 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
 
                 byteWritten += readSize;
 
-                taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(byteWritten, totalBytes), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
-
+                updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value = ((double)byteWritten / totalBytes) * 100;
                 updateFileStream.Write(buffer, 0, readSize);
             }
 
-            InstallUpdate(taskDialog, updateFile);
+            InstallUpdate(updateDialog, updateFile);
         }
 
-        [MethodImpl(MethodImplOptions.AggressiveInlining)]
-        private static double GetPercentage(double value, double max)
+        private static void DoUpdateWithSingleThread(UpdateDialog updateDialog, string downloadUrl, string updateFile)
         {
-            return max == 0 ? 0 : value / max * 100;
-        }
-
-        private static void DoUpdateWithSingleThread(TaskDialog taskDialog, string downloadUrl, string updateFile)
-        {
-            Thread worker = new(() => DoUpdateWithSingleThreadWorker(taskDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile))
+            Thread worker = new(() => DoUpdateWithSingleThreadWorker(updateDialog, downloadUrl, updateFile))
             {
                 Name = "Updater.SingleThreadWorker",
             };
-
             worker.Start();
         }
 
-        [SupportedOSPlatform("linux")]
-        [SupportedOSPlatform("macos")]
-        private static void ExtractTarGzipFile(TaskDialog taskDialog, string archivePath, string outputDirectoryPath)
-        {
-            using Stream inStream = File.OpenRead(archivePath);
-            using GZipInputStream gzipStream = new(inStream);
-            using TarInputStream tarStream = new(gzipStream, Encoding.ASCII);
-
-            TarEntry tarEntry;
-
-            while ((tarEntry = tarStream.GetNextEntry()) is not null)
-            {
-                if (tarEntry.IsDirectory)
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                string outPath = Path.Combine(outputDirectoryPath, tarEntry.Name);
-
-                Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outPath));
-
-                using FileStream outStream = File.OpenWrite(outPath);
-                tarStream.CopyEntryContents(outStream);
-
-                File.SetUnixFileMode(outPath, (UnixFileMode)tarEntry.TarHeader.Mode);
-                File.SetLastWriteTime(outPath, DateTime.SpecifyKind(tarEntry.ModTime, DateTimeKind.Utc));
-
-                Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
-                {
-                    if (tarEntry is null)
-                    {
-                        return;
-                    }
-
-                    taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(tarEntry.Size, inStream.Length), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
-                });
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static void ExtractZipFile(TaskDialog taskDialog, string archivePath, string outputDirectoryPath)
-        {
-            using Stream inStream = File.OpenRead(archivePath);
-            using ZipFile zipFile = new(inStream);
-
-            double count = 0;
-            foreach (ZipEntry zipEntry in zipFile)
-            {
-                count++;
-                if (zipEntry.IsDirectory)
-                {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                string outPath = Path.Combine(outputDirectoryPath, zipEntry.Name);
-
-                Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outPath));
-
-                using Stream zipStream = zipFile.GetInputStream(zipEntry);
-                using FileStream outStream = File.OpenWrite(outPath);
-
-                zipStream.CopyTo(outStream);
-
-                File.SetLastWriteTime(outPath, DateTime.SpecifyKind(zipEntry.DateTime, DateTimeKind.Utc));
-
-                Dispatcher.UIThread.Post(() =>
-                {
-                    taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(count, zipFile.Count), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
-                });
-            }
-        }
-
-        private static void InstallUpdate(TaskDialog taskDialog, string updateFile)
+        private static async void InstallUpdate(UpdateDialog updateDialog, string updateFile)
         {
             // Extract Update
-            taskDialog.SubHeader = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterExtracting];
-            taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(0, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+            updateDialog.MainText.Text = "Extracting Update...";
+            updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value = 0;
 
-            if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux() || OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux())
             {
-                ExtractTarGzipFile(taskDialog, updateFile, _updateDir);
-            }
-            else if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
-            {
-                ExtractZipFile(taskDialog, updateFile, _updateDir);
+                using Stream inStream = File.OpenRead(updateFile);
+                using Stream gzipStream = new GZipInputStream(inStream);
+                using TarInputStream tarStream = new(gzipStream, Encoding.ASCII);
+                updateDialog.ProgressBar.MaxValue = inStream.Length;
+
+                await Task.Run(() =>
+                {
+                    TarEntry tarEntry;
+
+                    if (!OperatingSystem.IsWindows())
+                    {
+                        while ((tarEntry = tarStream.GetNextEntry()) != null)
+                        {
+                            if (tarEntry.IsDirectory)
+                            {
+                                continue;
+                            }
+
+                            string outPath = Path.Combine(_updateDir, tarEntry.Name);
+
+                            Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outPath));
+
+                            using FileStream outStream = File.OpenWrite(outPath);
+                            tarStream.CopyEntryContents(outStream);
+
+                            File.SetUnixFileMode(outPath, (UnixFileMode)tarEntry.TarHeader.Mode);
+                            File.SetLastWriteTime(outPath, DateTime.SpecifyKind(tarEntry.ModTime, DateTimeKind.Utc));
+
+                            TarEntry entry = tarEntry;
+
+                            Application.Invoke(delegate
+                            {
+                                updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value += entry.Size;
+                            });
+                        }
+                    }
+                });
+
+                updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value = inStream.Length;
             }
             else
             {
-                throw new NotSupportedException();
+                using Stream inStream = File.OpenRead(updateFile);
+                using ZipFile zipFile = new(inStream);
+                updateDialog.ProgressBar.MaxValue = zipFile.Count;
+
+                await Task.Run(() =>
+                {
+                    foreach (ZipEntry zipEntry in zipFile)
+                    {
+                        if (zipEntry.IsDirectory)
+                        {
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        string outPath = Path.Combine(_updateDir, zipEntry.Name);
+
+                        Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.GetDirectoryName(outPath));
+
+                        using Stream zipStream = zipFile.GetInputStream(zipEntry);
+                        using FileStream outStream = File.OpenWrite(outPath);
+                        zipStream.CopyTo(outStream);
+
+                        File.SetLastWriteTime(outPath, DateTime.SpecifyKind(zipEntry.DateTime, DateTimeKind.Utc));
+
+                        Application.Invoke(delegate
+                        {
+                            updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value++;
+                        });
+                    }
+                });
             }
 
             // Delete downloaded zip
@@ -593,46 +465,49 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
 
             List<string> allFiles = EnumerateFilesToDelete().ToList();
 
-            taskDialog.SubHeader = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterRenaming];
-            taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(0, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+            updateDialog.MainText.Text = "Renaming Old Files...";
+            updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value = 0;
+            updateDialog.ProgressBar.MaxValue = allFiles.Count;
 
-            // NOTE: On macOS, replacement is delayed to the restart phase.
-            if (!OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+            // Replace old files
+            await Task.Run(() =>
             {
-                // Replace old files
-                double count = 0;
                 foreach (string file in allFiles)
                 {
-                    count++;
                     try
                     {
                         File.Move(file, file + ".ryuold");
 
-                        Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
+                        Application.Invoke(delegate
                         {
-                            taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(count, allFiles.Count), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                            updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value++;
                         });
                     }
                     catch
                     {
-                        Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, LocaleManager.Instance.UpdateAndGetDynamicValue(LocaleKeys.UpdaterRenameFailed, file));
+                        Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, "Updater was unable to rename file: " + file);
                     }
                 }
 
-                Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
+                Application.Invoke(delegate
                 {
-                    taskDialog.SubHeader = LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterAddingFiles];
-                    taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(0, TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                    updateDialog.MainText.Text = "Adding New Files...";
+                    updateDialog.ProgressBar.Value = 0;
+                    updateDialog.ProgressBar.MaxValue = Directory.GetFiles(_updatePublishDir, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories).Length;
                 });
 
-                MoveAllFilesOver(_updatePublishDir, _homeDir, taskDialog);
+                MoveAllFilesOver(_updatePublishDir, _homeDir, updateDialog);
+            });
 
-                Directory.Delete(_updateDir, true);
-            }
+            Directory.Delete(_updateDir, true);
 
-            _updateSuccessful = true;
+            updateDialog.MainText.Text = "Update Complete!";
+            updateDialog.SecondaryText.Text = "Do you want to restart Ryujinx now?";
+            updateDialog.Modal = true;
 
-            taskDialog.Hide();
+            updateDialog.ProgressBar.Hide();
+            updateDialog.YesButton.Show();
+            updateDialog.NoButton.Show();
         }
 
         public static bool CanUpdate(bool showWarnings)
@@ -642,11 +517,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             {
                 if (showWarnings)
                 {
-                    Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
-                        ContentDialogHelper.CreateWarningDialog(
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterNoInternetMessage],
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterNoInternetSubMessage])
-                    );
+                    GtkDialog.CreateWarningDialog("You are not connected to the Internet!", "Please verify that you have a working Internet connection!");
                 }
 
                 return false;
@@ -656,11 +527,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             {
                 if (showWarnings)
                 {
-                    Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
-                        ContentDialogHelper.CreateWarningDialog(
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterDirtyBuildMessage],
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterDirtyBuildSubMessage])
-                    );
+                    GtkDialog.CreateWarningDialog("You cannot update a Dirty build of Ryujinx!", "Please download Ryujinx at https://ryujinx.org/ if you are looking for a supported version.");
                 }
 
                 return false;
@@ -672,19 +539,11 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             {
                 if (ReleaseInformation.IsFlatHubBuild)
                 {
-                    Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
-                        ContentDialogHelper.CreateWarningDialog(
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterDisabledWarningTitle],
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterFlatpakNotSupportedMessage])
-                    );
+                    GtkDialog.CreateWarningDialog("Updater Disabled!", "Please update Ryujinx via FlatHub.");
                 }
                 else
                 {
-                    Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
-                        ContentDialogHelper.CreateWarningDialog(
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.UpdaterDisabledWarningTitle],
-                            LocaleManager.Instance[LocaleKeys.DialogUpdaterDirtyBuildSubMessage])
-                    );
+                    GtkDialog.CreateWarningDialog("Updater Disabled!", "Please download Ryujinx at https://ryujinx.org/ if you are looking for a supported version.");
                 }
             }
 
@@ -698,7 +557,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             var files = Directory.EnumerateFiles(_homeDir); // All files directly in base dir.
 
             // Determine and exclude user files only when the updater is running, not when cleaning old files
-            if (_running && !OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+            if (Running)
             {
                 // Compare the loose files in base directory against the loose files from the incoming update, and store foreign ones in a user list.
                 var oldFiles = Directory.EnumerateFiles(_homeDir, "*", SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly).Select(Path.GetFileName);
@@ -724,9 +583,8 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
             return files.Where(f => !new FileInfo(f).Attributes.HasFlag(FileAttributes.Hidden | FileAttributes.System));
         }
 
-        private static void MoveAllFilesOver(string root, string dest, TaskDialog taskDialog)
+        private static void MoveAllFilesOver(string root, string dest, UpdateDialog dialog)
         {
-            int total = Directory.GetFiles(root, "*", SearchOption.AllDirectories).Length;
             foreach (string directory in Directory.GetDirectories(root))
             {
                 string dirName = Path.GetFileName(directory);
@@ -736,28 +594,28 @@ namespace Ryujinx.Modules
                     Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(dest, dirName));
                 }
 
-                MoveAllFilesOver(directory, Path.Combine(dest, dirName), taskDialog);
+                MoveAllFilesOver(directory, Path.Combine(dest, dirName), dialog);
             }
 
-            double count = 0;
             foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(root))
             {
-                count++;
-
                 File.Move(file, Path.Combine(dest, Path.GetFileName(file)), true);
 
-                Dispatcher.UIThread.InvokeAsync(() =>
+                Application.Invoke(delegate
                 {
-                    taskDialog.SetProgressBarState(GetPercentage(count, total), TaskDialogProgressState.Normal);
+                    dialog.ProgressBar.Value++;
                 });
             }
         }
 
         public static void CleanupUpdate()
         {
-            foreach (string file in Directory.GetFiles(_homeDir, "*.ryuold", SearchOption.AllDirectories))
+            foreach (string file in EnumerateFilesToDelete())
             {
-                File.Delete(file);
+                if (Path.GetExtension(file).EndsWith(".ryuold"))
+                {
+                    File.Delete(file);
+                }
             }
         }
     }

src/Ryujinx.Gtk3/Program.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,378 @@
+using Gtk;
+using Ryujinx.Common;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Configuration;
+using Ryujinx.Common.GraphicsDriver;
+using Ryujinx.Common.Logging;
+using Ryujinx.Common.SystemInterop;
+using Ryujinx.Modules;
+using Ryujinx.SDL2.Common;
+using Ryujinx.UI;
+using Ryujinx.UI.Common;
+using Ryujinx.UI.Common.Configuration;
+using Ryujinx.UI.Common.Helper;
+using Ryujinx.UI.Common.SystemInfo;
+using Ryujinx.UI.Widgets;
+using SixLabors.ImageSharp.Formats.Jpeg;
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+namespace Ryujinx
+{
+    partial class Program
+    {
+        public static double WindowScaleFactor { get; private set; }
+
+        public static string Version { get; private set; }
+
+        public static string ConfigurationPath { get; set; }
+
+        public static string CommandLineProfile { get; set; }
+
+        private const string X11LibraryName = "libX11";
+
+        [LibraryImport(X11LibraryName)]
+        private static partial int XInitThreads();
+
+        [LibraryImport("user32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
+        public static partial int MessageBoxA(IntPtr hWnd, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string text, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string caption, uint type);
+
+        [LibraryImport("libc", SetLastError = true)]
+        private static partial int setenv([MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string name, [MarshalAs(UnmanagedType.LPStr)] string value, int overwrite);
+
+        private const uint MbIconWarning = 0x30;
+
+        static Program()
+        {
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux())
+            {
+                NativeLibrary.SetDllImportResolver(typeof(Program).Assembly, (name, assembly, path) =>
+                {
+                    if (name != X11LibraryName)
+                    {
+                        return IntPtr.Zero;
+                    }
+
+                    if (!NativeLibrary.TryLoad("libX11.so.6", assembly, path, out IntPtr result))
+                    {
+                        if (!NativeLibrary.TryLoad("libX11.so", assembly, path, out result))
+                        {
+                            return IntPtr.Zero;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    return result;
+                });
+            }
+        }
+
+        static void Main(string[] args)
+        {
+            Version = ReleaseInformation.Version;
+
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsWindows() && !OperatingSystem.IsWindowsVersionAtLeast(10, 0, 17134))
+            {
+                MessageBoxA(IntPtr.Zero, "You are running an outdated version of Windows.\n\nStarting on June 1st 2022, Ryujinx will only support Windows 10 1803 and newer.\n", $"Ryujinx {Version}", MbIconWarning);
+            }
+
+            // Parse arguments
+            CommandLineState.ParseArguments(args);
+
+            // Hook unhandled exception and process exit events.
+            GLib.ExceptionManager.UnhandledException += (GLib.UnhandledExceptionArgs e) => ProcessUnhandledException(e.ExceptionObject as Exception, e.IsTerminating);
+            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.UnhandledException += (object sender, UnhandledExceptionEventArgs e) => ProcessUnhandledException(e.ExceptionObject as Exception, e.IsTerminating);
+            AppDomain.CurrentDomain.ProcessExit += (object sender, EventArgs e) => Exit();
+
+            // Make process DPI aware for proper window sizing on high-res screens.
+            ForceDpiAware.Windows();
+            WindowScaleFactor = ForceDpiAware.GetWindowScaleFactor();
+
+            // Delete backup files after updating.
+            Task.Run(Updater.CleanupUpdate);
+
+            Console.Title = $"Ryujinx Console {Version}";
+
+            // NOTE: GTK3 doesn't init X11 in a multi threaded way.
+            // This ends up causing race condition and abort of XCB when a context is created by SPB (even if SPB do call XInitThreads).
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux())
+            {
+                if (XInitThreads() == 0)
+                {
+                    throw new NotSupportedException("Failed to initialize multi-threading support.");
+                }
+
+                Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("GDK_BACKEND", "x11");
+                setenv("GDK_BACKEND", "x11", 1);
+            }
+
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsMacOS())
+            {
+                string baseDirectory = Path.GetDirectoryName(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory);
+                string resourcesDataDir;
+
+                if (Path.GetFileName(baseDirectory) == "MacOS")
+                {
+                    resourcesDataDir = Path.Combine(Directory.GetParent(baseDirectory).FullName, "Resources");
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    resourcesDataDir = baseDirectory;
+                }
+
+                static void SetEnvironmentVariableNoCaching(string key, string value)
+                {
+                    int res = setenv(key, value, 1);
+                    Debug.Assert(res != -1);
+                }
+
+                // On macOS, GTK3 needs XDG_DATA_DIRS to be set, otherwise it will try searching for "gschemas.compiled" in system directories.
+                SetEnvironmentVariableNoCaching("XDG_DATA_DIRS", Path.Combine(resourcesDataDir, "share"));
+
+                // On macOS, GTK3 needs GDK_PIXBUF_MODULE_FILE to be set, otherwise it will try searching for "loaders.cache" in system directories.
+                SetEnvironmentVariableNoCaching("GDK_PIXBUF_MODULE_FILE", Path.Combine(resourcesDataDir, "lib", "gdk-pixbuf-2.0", "2.10.0", "loaders.cache"));
+
+                SetEnvironmentVariableNoCaching("GTK_IM_MODULE_FILE", Path.Combine(resourcesDataDir, "lib", "gtk-3.0", "3.0.0", "immodules.cache"));
+            }
+
+            string systemPath = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("Path", EnvironmentVariableTarget.Machine);
+            Environment.SetEnvironmentVariable("Path", $"{Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, "bin")};{systemPath}");
+
+            // Setup base data directory.
+            AppDataManager.Initialize(CommandLineState.BaseDirPathArg);
+
+            // Initialize the configuration.
+            ConfigurationState.Initialize();
+
+            // Initialize the logger system.
+            LoggerModule.Initialize();
+
+            // Initialize Discord integration.
+            DiscordIntegrationModule.Initialize();
+
+            // Initialize SDL2 driver
+            SDL2Driver.MainThreadDispatcher = action =>
+            {
+                Application.Invoke(delegate
+                {
+                    action();
+                });
+            };
+
+            // Sets ImageSharp Jpeg Encoder Quality.
+            SixLabors.ImageSharp.Configuration.Default.ImageFormatsManager.SetEncoder(JpegFormat.Instance, new JpegEncoder()
+            {
+                Quality = 100,
+            });
+
+            string localConfigurationPath = Path.Combine(AppDomain.CurrentDomain.BaseDirectory, ReleaseInformation.ConfigName);
+            string appDataConfigurationPath = Path.Combine(AppDataManager.BaseDirPath, ReleaseInformation.ConfigName);
+
+            // Now load the configuration as the other subsystems are now registered
+            ConfigurationPath = File.Exists(localConfigurationPath)
+                ? localConfigurationPath
+                : File.Exists(appDataConfigurationPath)
+                    ? appDataConfigurationPath
+                    : null;
+
+            if (ConfigurationPath == null)
+            {
+                // No configuration, we load the default values and save it to disk
+                ConfigurationPath = appDataConfigurationPath;
+
+                ConfigurationState.Instance.LoadDefault();
+                ConfigurationState.Instance.ToFileFormat().SaveConfig(ConfigurationPath);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                if (ConfigurationFileFormat.TryLoad(ConfigurationPath, out ConfigurationFileFormat configurationFileFormat))
+                {
+                    ConfigurationState.Instance.Load(configurationFileFormat, ConfigurationPath);
+                }
+                else
+                {
+                    ConfigurationState.Instance.LoadDefault();
+
+                    Logger.Warning?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Application, $"Failed to load config! Loading the default config instead.\nFailed config location {ConfigurationPath}");
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Check if graphics backend was overridden.
+            if (CommandLineState.OverrideGraphicsBackend != null)
+            {
+                if (CommandLineState.OverrideGraphicsBackend.ToLower() == "opengl")
+                {
+                    ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.GraphicsBackend.Value = GraphicsBackend.OpenGl;
+                }
+                else if (CommandLineState.OverrideGraphicsBackend.ToLower() == "vulkan")
+                {
+                    ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.GraphicsBackend.Value = GraphicsBackend.Vulkan;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Check if HideCursor was overridden.
+            if (CommandLineState.OverrideHideCursor is not null)
+            {
+                ConfigurationState.Instance.HideCursor.Value = CommandLineState.OverrideHideCursor!.ToLower() switch
+                {
+                    "never" => HideCursorMode.Never,
+                    "onidle" => HideCursorMode.OnIdle,
+                    "always" => HideCursorMode.Always,
+                    _ => ConfigurationState.Instance.HideCursor.Value,
+                };
+            }
+
+            // Check if docked mode was overridden.
+            if (CommandLineState.OverrideDockedMode.HasValue)
+            {
+                ConfigurationState.Instance.System.EnableDockedMode.Value = CommandLineState.OverrideDockedMode.Value;
+            }
+
+            // Logging system information.
+            PrintSystemInfo();
+
+            // Enable OGL multithreading on the driver, when available.
+            BackendThreading threadingMode = ConfigurationState.Instance.Graphics.BackendThreading;
+            DriverUtilities.ToggleOGLThreading(threadingMode == BackendThreading.Off);
+
+            // Initialize Gtk.
+            Application.Init();
+
+            // Check if keys exists.
+            bool hasSystemProdKeys = File.Exists(Path.Combine(AppDataManager.KeysDirPath, "prod.keys"));
+            bool hasCommonProdKeys = AppDataManager.Mode == AppDataManager.LaunchMode.UserProfile && File.Exists(Path.Combine(AppDataManager.KeysDirPathUser, "prod.keys"));
+            if (!hasSystemProdKeys && !hasCommonProdKeys)
+            {
+                UserErrorDialog.CreateUserErrorDialog(UserError.NoKeys);
+            }
+
+            // Show the main window UI.
+            MainWindow mainWindow = new();
+            mainWindow.Show();
+
+            if (OperatingSystem.IsLinux())
+            {
+                int currentVmMaxMapCount = LinuxHelper.VmMaxMapCount;
+
+                if (LinuxHelper.VmMaxMapCount < LinuxHelper.RecommendedVmMaxMapCount)
+                {
+                    Logger.Warning?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"The value of vm.max_map_count is lower than {LinuxHelper.RecommendedVmMaxMapCount}. ({currentVmMaxMapCount})");
+
+                    if (LinuxHelper.PkExecPath is not null)
+                    {
+                        var buttonTexts = new Dictionary<int, string>()
+                        {
+                            { 0, "Yes, until the next restart" },
+                            { 1, "Yes, permanently" },
+                            { 2, "No" },
+                        };
+
+                        ResponseType response = GtkDialog.CreateCustomDialog(
+                            "Ryujinx - Low limit for memory mappings detected",
+                            $"Would you like to increase the value of vm.max_map_count to {LinuxHelper.RecommendedVmMaxMapCount}?",
+                            "Some games might try to create more memory mappings than currently allowed. " +
+                            "Ryujinx will crash as soon as this limit gets exceeded.",
+                            buttonTexts,
+                            MessageType.Question);
+
+                        int rc;
+
+                        switch ((int)response)
+                        {
+                            case 0:
+                                rc = LinuxHelper.RunPkExec($"echo {LinuxHelper.RecommendedVmMaxMapCount} > {LinuxHelper.VmMaxMapCountPath}");
+                                if (rc == 0)
+                                {
+                                    Logger.Info?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"vm.max_map_count set to {LinuxHelper.VmMaxMapCount} until the next restart.");
+                                }
+                                else
+                                {
+                                    Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Unable to change vm.max_map_count. Process exited with code: {rc}");
+                                }
+                                break;
+                            case 1:
+                                rc = LinuxHelper.RunPkExec($"echo \"vm.max_map_count = {LinuxHelper.RecommendedVmMaxMapCount}\" > {LinuxHelper.SysCtlConfigPath} && sysctl -p {LinuxHelper.SysCtlConfigPath}");
+                                if (rc == 0)
+                                {
+                                    Logger.Info?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"vm.max_map_count set to {LinuxHelper.VmMaxMapCount}. Written to config: {LinuxHelper.SysCtlConfigPath}");
+                                }
+                                else
+                                {
+                                    Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Unable to write new value for vm.max_map_count to config. Process exited with code: {rc}");
+                                }
+                                break;
+                        }
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        GtkDialog.CreateWarningDialog(
+                            "Max amount of memory mappings is lower than recommended.",
+                            $"The current value of vm.max_map_count ({currentVmMaxMapCount}) is lower than {LinuxHelper.RecommendedVmMaxMapCount}." +
+                            "Some games might try to create more memory mappings than currently allowed. " +
+                            "Ryujinx will crash as soon as this limit gets exceeded.\n\n" +
+                            "You might want to either manually increase the limit or install pkexec, which allows Ryujinx to assist with that.");
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (CommandLineState.LaunchPathArg != null)
+            {
+                mainWindow.RunApplication(CommandLineState.LaunchPathArg, CommandLineState.StartFullscreenArg);
+            }
+
+            if (ConfigurationState.Instance.CheckUpdatesOnStart.Value && Updater.CanUpdate(false))
+            {
+                Updater.BeginParse(mainWindow, false).ContinueWith(task =>
+                {
+                    Logger.Error?.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Updater Error: {task.Exception}");
+                }, TaskContinuationOptions.OnlyOnFaulted);
+            }
+
+            Application.Run();
+        }
+
+        private static void PrintSystemInfo()
+        {
+            Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Ryujinx Version: {Version}");
+            SystemInfo.Gather().Print();
+
+            var enabledLogs = Logger.GetEnabledLevels();
+            Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Logs Enabled: {(enabledLogs.Count == 0 ? "<None>" : string.Join(", ", enabledLogs))}");
+
+            if (AppDataManager.Mode == AppDataManager.LaunchMode.Custom)
+            {
+                Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Launch Mode: Custom Path {AppDataManager.BaseDirPath}");
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                Logger.Notice.Print(LogClass.Application, $"Launch Mode: {AppDataManager.Mode}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static void ProcessUnhandledException(Exception ex, bool isTerminating)
+        {
+            string message = $"Unhandled exception caught: {ex}";
+
+            Logger.Error?.PrintMsg(LogClass.Application, message);
+
+            if (Logger.Error == null)
+            {
+                Logger.Notice.PrintMsg(LogClass.Application, message);
+            }
+
+            if (isTerminating)
+            {
+                Exit();
+            }
+        }
+
+        public static void Exit()
+        {
+            DiscordIntegrationModule.Exit();
+
+            Logger.Shutdown();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Ryujinx.Gtk3/Ryujinx.Gtk3.csproj

@@ -0,0 +1,104 @@
+<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk">
+
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <TargetFramework>net8.0</TargetFramework>
+    <RuntimeIdentifiers>win-x64;osx-x64;linux-x64</RuntimeIdentifiers>
+    <OutputType>Exe</OutputType>
+    <AllowUnsafeBlocks>true</AllowUnsafeBlocks>
+    <Version>1.0.0-dirty</Version>
+    <DefineConstants Condition=" '$(ExtraDefineConstants)' != '' ">$(DefineConstants);$(ExtraDefineConstants)</DefineConstants>
+    <!-- As we already provide GTK3 on Windows via GtkSharp.Dependencies this is redundant. -->
+    <SkipGtkInstall>true</SkipGtkInstall>
+    <TieredPGO>true</TieredPGO>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != ''">
+    <PublishSingleFile>true</PublishSingleFile>
+    <TrimmerSingleWarn>false</TrimmerSingleWarn>
+    <PublishTrimmed>true</PublishTrimmed>
+    <TrimMode>partial</TrimMode>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <PackageReference Include="Ryujinx.GtkSharp" />
+    <PackageReference Include="GtkSharp.Dependencies" Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-arm64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'osx-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'osx-arm64'" />
+    <PackageReference Include="GtkSharp.Dependencies.osx" Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == 'osx-x64' OR '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == 'osx-arm64'" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Nvdec.Dependencies" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Ryujinx.Audio.OpenAL.Dependencies" Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-arm64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'osx-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'osx-arm64'" />
+    <PackageReference Include="Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.Dependencies.MoltenVK" Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-arm64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'win-x64'" />
+    <PackageReference Include="OpenTK.Core" />
+    <PackageReference Include="OpenTK.Graphics" />
+    <PackageReference Include="SPB" />
+    <PackageReference Include="SharpZipLib" />
+    <PackageReference Include="SixLabors.ImageSharp" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Input\Ryujinx.Input.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Input.SDL2\Ryujinx.Input.SDL2.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.OpenAL.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SDL2.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo\Ryujinx.Audio.Backends.SoundIo.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Common\Ryujinx.Common.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.HLE\Ryujinx.HLE.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\ARMeilleure\ARMeilleure.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL\Ryujinx.Graphics.OpenGL.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan\Ryujinx.Graphics.Vulkan.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu\Ryujinx.Graphics.Gpu.csproj" />
+    <ProjectReference Include="..\Ryujinx.UI.Common\Ryujinx.UI.Common.csproj" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <Content Include="..\..\distribution\windows\alsoft.ini" Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-x64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'linux-arm64' AND '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' != 'osx-x64'">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+      <TargetPath>alsoft.ini</TargetPath>
+    </Content>
+    <Content Include="..\..\distribution\legal\THIRDPARTY.md">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+      <TargetPath>THIRDPARTY.md</TargetPath>
+    </Content>
+    <Content Include="..\..\LICENSE.txt">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+      <TargetPath>LICENSE.txt</TargetPath>
+    </Content>
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup Condition="'$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == 'linux-x64' OR '$(RuntimeIdentifier)' == 'linux-arm64'">
+    <Content Include="..\..\distribution\linux\Ryujinx.sh">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+    </Content>
+    <Content Include="..\..\distribution\linux\mime\Ryujinx.xml">
+      <CopyToOutputDirectory>Always</CopyToOutputDirectory>
+      <TargetPath>mime\Ryujinx.xml</TargetPath>
+    </Content>
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <!-- Due to .net core 3.1 embedded resource loading -->
+  <PropertyGroup>
+    <EmbeddedResourceUseDependentUponConvention>false</EmbeddedResourceUseDependentUponConvention>
+    <ApplicationIcon>Ryujinx.ico</ApplicationIcon>
+  </PropertyGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <None Remove="UI\MainWindow.glade" />
+    <None Remove="UI\Widgets\ProfileDialog.glade" />
+    <None Remove="UI\Windows\CheatWindow.glade" />
+    <None Remove="UI\Windows\ControllerWindow.glade" />
+    <None Remove="UI\Windows\DlcWindow.glade" />
+    <None Remove="UI\Windows\SettingsWindow.glade" />
+    <None Remove="UI\Windows\TitleUpdateWindow.glade" />
+    <None Remove="Modules\Updater\UpdateDialog.glade" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+  <ItemGroup>
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="UI\MainWindow.glade" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="UI\Widgets\ProfileDialog.glade" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="UI\Windows\CheatWindow.glade" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="UI\Windows\ControllerWindow.glade" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="UI\Windows\DlcWindow.glade" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="UI\Windows\SettingsWindow.glade" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="UI\Windows\TitleUpdateWindow.glade" />
+    <EmbeddedResource Include="Modules\Updater\UpdateDialog.glade" />
+  </ItemGroup>
+
+</Project>

src/Ryujinx.Gtk3/UI/Applet/ErrorAppletDialog.cs

@@ -8,7 +8,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.UI.Applet
     {
         public ErrorAppletDialog(Window parentWindow, DialogFlags dialogFlags, MessageType messageType, string[] buttons) : base(parentWindow, dialogFlags, messageType, ButtonsType.None, null)
         {
-            Icon = new Gdk.Pixbuf(Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(ConfigurationState)), "Ryujinx.UI.Common.Resources.Logo_Ryujinx.png");
+            Icon = new Gdk.Pixbuf(Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(ConfigurationState)), "Ryujinx.Gtk3.UI.Common.Resources.Logo_Ryujinx.png");
 
             int responseId = 0;
 

src/Ryujinx.Gtk3/UI/MainWindow.cs

@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.UI
 
 #pragma warning restore CS0649, IDE0044, CS0169, IDE0051
 
-        public MainWindow() : this(new Builder("Ryujinx.UI.MainWindow.glade")) { }
+        public MainWindow() : this(new Builder("Ryujinx.Gtk3.UI.MainWindow.glade")) { }
 
         private MainWindow(Builder builder) : base(builder.GetRawOwnedObject("_mainWin"))
         {

src/Ryujinx.Gtk3/UI/Widgets/GameTableContextMenu.cs

@@ -189,7 +189,7 @@ namespace Ryujinx.UI.Widgets
                         _dialog = new MessageDialog(null, DialogFlags.DestroyWithParent, MessageType.Info, ButtonsType.Cancel, null)
                         {
                             Title = "Ryujinx - NCA Section Extractor",
-                            Icon = new Gdk.Pixbuf(Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(ConfigurationState)), "Ryujinx.UI.Common.Resources.Logo_Ryujinx.png"),
+                            Icon = new Gdk.Pixbuf(Assembly.GetAssembly(typeof(ConfigurationState)), "Ryujinx.Gtk3.UI.Common.Resources.Logo_Ryujinx.png"),
                             SecondaryText = $"Extracting {ncaSectionType} section from {System.IO.Path.GetFileName(_titleFilePath)}...",
                             WindowPosition = WindowPosition.Center,
                         };